x = r cos θ;
y = r sin θ;
r^2 = x^2 + y^2 ;
SOME POLAR EQUATIONS
r = a circle, center at pole, radius a.
r = 2a cos θ circle, center at (a, 0), radius a.
r = 2a sin θ circle, center at (0, a), radius a.
roses (four leaves)
r = cos 2θ.