SAT Mc Graw Hill 2011

(Marvins-Underground-K-12) #1

CHAPTER 3 / BUILDING AN IMPRESSIVE VOCABULARY 133


Vocabulary Lesson 31: Stop It!


Today’s roots: ab-, abs- from terrere to frighten
tenere hold suadere to urge

❑ thwart(v) to stop something before it is able to succeed


Thanks to inside information, the police department was able to thwartthe bank robbery before it even began.
Synonyms:circumvent, stymie, foil Antonym:abet

❑ abstain(v) to refrain from action (abs-from+tenereto hold)


An alcoholic for twenty years, Robert was unable to abstainfrom drinking when offered a beer.
Synonyms:forgo, eschew Antonym:indulge

❑ deterrent(n) something that acts to discourage (de-away+terrereto frighten)


The picture of the vicious lion baring his teeth was an effective deterrentagainst kids’ reaching into the cage.
Synonyms:hindrance, impediment Antonym:incentive

❑ impede(v) to slow the progress of, to block


The orange cones did not do much to impedethe progress of the cars; they just drove right over them.
Synonyms:hinder, obstruct Antonyms:assist, expedite

❑ hinder(v) to slow the progress of


The weed-killer sprayed on the garden successfully hinderedthe growth of the unwanted plants.
Synonyms:impede, obstruct, thwart Antonyms:promote, facilitate

❑ curtail(v) to make less (curtusshort)


In an effort to lose weight, Mark tried to curtailhis ice cream consumption.
Synonym:diminish Antonyms:extend, boost

❑ impediment(n) something that works to impede progress; a hindrance


Louise had a speech impedimentthat caused her to stutter, but that did not keep her from being a DJ.
Synonyms:impedance, encumbrance, hindrance Antonym:aid

❑ stymie(v) to present an obstacle to


Synonyms:hinder, impede

❑ dissuade(v) to persuade not to do something (dis-against+suadereto urge)


Synonyms:deter, divert

❑ refrain(v) to hold back from doing (re-back+frenareto restrain)


Synonyms:halt, inhibit

❑ abstinence(n) the voluntary avoidance of something (abs-from+tenereto hold)


❑ tentative(adj) uncertain


Thetentativeschedule was not set in stone.
Synonyms:cautious, diffident

❑ hamper(v) to restrict the progress of


Synonyms:impede, hinder

❑ abstemious(adj) sparing or moderate in consumption

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