not alter the H+ ion concentration. Proportional increases and decreases in the
concentrations of C 2 H 3 O 2 − and HC 2 H 3 O 2 do not significantly affect the acidity of
the solution.
TIP
There are five methods for preparing salts.SALTS
A salt is an ionic compound containing positive ions other than hydrogen ions and
negative ions other than hydroxide ions. The usual method of preparing a
particular salt is by neutralizing the appropriate acid and base to form the salt and
water.
Five methods for preparing salts are as follows:
- Neutralization reaction. An acid and a base neutralize each other to form
the appropriate salt and water. For example: - Single replacement reaction. An active metal replaces hydrogen in an
acid. For example:
Mg(s) + H 2 SO 4 (aq) → MgSO 4 (aq) + H 2 (g)- Direct combination of elements. An example of this method is the
combination of iron and sulfur. In this reaction small pieces of iron are
heated with powdered sulfur: - Double replacement. When solutions of two soluble salts are mixed, they
form an insoluble salt compound. For example:
AgNO 3 (aq) + NaCl(aq) → NaNO 3 (aq) + AgCl(s)- Reaction of a metallic oxide with a nonmetallic oxide. For example:
MgO(s) + SiO 2 (s) → MgSiO 3 (s)