256 ❯ Step 4. Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High
Table 17.1 Therapy/Cause/Goal
Therapy Approach Cause of Behavior Goal of Treatment Key Terms
Psychoanalytic Unconscious internal Help patients gain Psychoanalysis
conflict, possibly insight into their Free association
stemming from early unconscious conflicts; Dream interpretation
childhood trauma does not offer a cure Transference
Catharsis
Behavioral Learned maladaptive Unlearn maladaptive Systematic
behavior through faulty behavior and replace it Desensitization
contingencies of with more adaptive Flooding
reinforcement behavior Modeling
Implosive
Aversive
Humanistic Poor self-concept as a To reduce the Client-centered
result of conditions of discrepancy between the therapy
worth ideal and real self Existential therapy
Unconditional
positive regard
Cognitive Irrational and faulty Cognitive restructuring Rational emotive
thought processes and by changing the therapy
perceptions thoughts and replacing Cognitive triad
irrational with more
rational perceptions and
changing more negative
thinking to more
positive ideas
Biological Imbalance of Through the use Antianxiety drugs
neurotransmitters, of antianxiety, Antidepressants
hormones; genetic antidepressant, Antipsychotics
predisposition and other and antipsychotic Repetitive transcranial
brain abnormalities drugs, attempting to magnetic stimulation
restore balance; (rTMS)
electroconvulsive shock ECT
treatment and Psychosurgery
psychosurgery used Corpus callosum
minimally as well transection
Prefrontal lobotomy