22 ❯ STEP 2. Determine Your Test Readiness
- Monitoring by a hidden observer provides
evidence for which theory of hypnosis?
(A) dissociation
(B) state
(C) diathesis-stress
(D) place
(E) activation-synthesis- Which of the following are stimulants?
(A) methamphetamine and codeine
(B) caffeine and morphine
(C) nicotine and cocaine
(D) alcohol and benzedrine
(E) marijuana and LSD- Because of her demanding work schedule,
Blanche has not been able to sleep for 48 hours.
She will most likely experience
(A) hallucinations and delusions
(B) insomnia
(C) symptoms similar to those found in psychosis
(D) inattention, staring, and hand tremors
(E) a hunger deficit- Which of the following is the result of learning?
(A) Salmon swim upstream in order to spawn.
(B) A neonate cries immediately after birth.
(C) A man blinks when a puff of air is blown into
his eyes.
(D) A boy cringes when he sees lightning.
(E) A girl falls asleep when she feels tired.- In classical conditioning, between what two fac-
tors is a new association formed?
(A) reinforcer and unconditioned stimulus
(B) reinforcer and unconditioned response
(C) reinforcer and conditioned response
(D) unconditioned stimulus and conditioned
stimulus
(E) unconditioned stimulus and unconditioned
response- Although the pigeon was trained to peck at a
yellow light, it pecks at green, red, and orange
lights too. This behavior indicates the pecking
behavior has been
(A) discriminated
(B) generalized
(C) extinguished
(D) spontaneously recovered
(E) punished- When alarms on timers started going off in the
back of the classroom, students were distracted, but
the teacher continued lecturing. As more alarms
went off, one student got up, and the teacher
nodded. The student walked toward the back of
the room, and the teacher nodded. The student
turned the alarms off, and the teacher thanked
him. What operant conditioning process does this
best illustrate?
(A) shaping
(B) generalization
(C) discrimination
(D) extinction
(E) omission training- After Tom’s parents told him not to take his
father’s car to the movies, he did anyway. As
a result, his parents took away Tom’s car keys
and told him he was not permitted to drive for a
month. Taking away the car keys and not letting
Tom drive for a month exemplifies
(A) positive reinforcement
(B) positive punishment
(C) negative reinforcement
(D) omission training
(E) insight learning- JoBeth watched her mother cook dinner, then
went to her room, made believe she was cook-
ing the same dinner, and served it to her stuffed
toys. JoBeth learned to cook and serve like her
mother by
(A) insight learning
(B) classical conditioning
(C) operant conditioning
(D) observational learning
(E) maturation- Richard is generally a happy person and smiles
frequently. However, he has a hard time smiling
and is more likely to frown while watching his
sister frown. Recent research tends to support
the theory that Richard’s reaction to his sister’s
emotion may be due to
(A) sympathetic nervous system activity
(B) mirror neurons
(C) intrinsic motives
(D) approach−avoidance conflict
(E) cognitive maps