Figure 4.12 Wetland (estuarine) food webEcological Services of Wetlands
Wetlands provide many ecological benefits (ecological services) which include:
■ Absorbing excess water from flooding or storm surges. The root systems
of wetland plants stabilize soil at the water’s edge and enhance soil
accumulation at the shoreline. Wetland vegetation along shorelines
reduces erosion by dampening wave action and slowing the speed of
water currents which provides erosion control and protects shorelines,
thereby reducing the impact of flood damage to buildings, roads,
infrastructure, and crops.
■ Acting as carbon sinks. Wetlands can store large amounts of carbon
dioxide or other forms of carbon to slow the atmospheric and marine
accumulation of greenhouse gases, which are released by burning fossil
fuels.
■ Providing recreational areas.