Barrons AP Environmental Science

(Marvins-Underground-K-12) #1

  1. (A) Besides the effects already listed, additional effects include: ■ Flattens
    the ocean bottom, filling in holes, leveling humps, and knocking down
    protruding organisms, all of which reduce biodiversity ■ Initiates erosion,
    causing long-term sedimentation problems ■ Changes the microhabitat,
    affecting primary productivity ■ Damages or kills both commercially
    harvested species and noncommercial species ■ Unlike clear-cutting in
    forests, the effects are not visible, thereby not getting much attention 41.
    (D) Pressure-treated wood contains arsenic, a highly toxic element, as well
    as chromium and copper. Dog and cat feces may carry diseases that can
    infect humans. Many types of weeds can resprout from their roots and/or
    stems in the compost pile. Bones (and the fat and marrow) are very
    attractive to pests such as rats. In addition, fatty food wastes can be very
    slow to break down because the fat can exclude the air that composting
    microbes need to do their work. Manure, which is defined as barnyard or
    stable dung often containing discarded animal bedding, typically contains
    large amounts of nitrogen (the fresher the manure, the more nitrogen it
    contains) and is considered a green ingredient.

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