World Atlas 2010 (4th edition)

305

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3000m/9843ft

2000m/6562ft

1000m/3281ft

500m/1640ft

200m/656ft

Sea Level

Below Sea Level

EUROPE / ASIA

500 km

500 miles

0

0

THE ECONOMY

Huge natural resources (oil and

natural gas, precious metals, timber)

account for 80% of exports. Important

military, engineering, and scientific base.

Wealth disparities and black-market

activities have accompanied reforms.

Organized crime syndicates own huge

areas of the economy. Widespread tax

evasion, corruption. Lingering

inefficiencies in industry and agriculture.

High oil prices brought strong GDP growth

and budget surpluses in 2000s, allowing

Russia to repay its Soviet-era debt. Stock

market collapse, devaluation of rouble in

2008, then recession in 2009.