Macmillan English Grammar

for examp/e, such as

Usefor examp/e andsuch asto give examples. We usually put a com ma afterfor example.

fatlots of green vegetables, such as cabbage and spinach.

Try taking more excercise. For examp/e, you could walktowork.

conjunctions, adverbs and

prepositions as connectors

instead (of)

Useinstead when we say that one thing replaces another. We can put it at the end or

beginning of a clause or sentence.

He was too tiredto goout 50 (instead) he watched television (instead).

We could watch television instead of going out.

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because, 50, as, since

Usebecause, so, asandsinceto link an action with its purpose.

We went home early, because /as/since we felt tired

We felt tired, sowewent home early

according to

Useaccording to when we say where an idea or statement has come from.

According toFreud, we learn through fairy tales, myths, jokes, and folklore.

however, yet, a/though /though, even though, while

Make contrasts with however, a/though, even though, andwhi/e.

However comments on what has come before. Use it to begin and end sentences, or put it inside a

sentence to separate parts of the sentence. Note thathowever always has punctuation before and

after it.

Crude oil itself is not very useful. However, its compounds have many uses.

Its compounds Chowever,) have many usesChowever.)

Yethas a similar meaning toa/though, orbut. It cannot come at the beginning of a sentence.

Crude oil itself is not very useful, yet its compounds have many uses.

Although is foliowed by two contrasting ideas. Thealthough-clause starts or finishes the sentence.

Though is another form ofalthough.

AJthough crude oil itself is not very useful, its compounds have many uses.

The compounds of crude oil have many uses, a/though crude oil itseif is not very useful.

Usewhi/e in the same way. It does not have a time meaning in this use.

Whi/e crude oil is not very useful, its compounds have many uses.

Useeven though to make a surprising contrast. It has the same positions asa/though.

We continue using oi/-based products, even though many pollute the environment.

as well, too, a/50

As we/Iandtoo go at the end of a clause or sentence.Alsogoes in the middle of a clause, before a

verb, or after an auxiliary or modal.

The roots of acacia trees grow deep in the soil, but spread outwards too.

The roots of acacia trees grow deep in the soil, but spread outwards as well.

The roots of acacia trees grow deep in the soil, but a/so spread/can a/so spread outwards.

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