Western Civilization - History Of European Society
that already enjoyed a considerable surplus of grain. It also required the development of a new type of harness. Horses cannot b ...
Economic Development and Urban Growth in the High Middle Ages 181 For peasants, specialization was a mixed blessing. Monoculture ...
developed a taste for silks, for spices from India, and for the superior cutlery of Damascus, to name a few of the items that by ...
Economic Development and Urban Growth in the High Middle Ages 183 for storing it safely. A fee was normally charged for this ser ...
wax, timber, pitch, tar, iron, and all the other products of the northern world. Organized into hansas, or mer- chant leagues, t ...
Economic Development and Urban Growth in the High Middle Ages 185 They set wages and prices as far as market forces would permit ...
purely a function of inward migration, for urban death rates greatly exceeded live births until the eighteenth century. Yet for ...
Economic Development and Urban Growth in the High Middle Ages 187 needed. Negotiations were rarely high-minded. A lord or bishop ...
by lot or the institution of the podestà , an administrative judge who was by law a foreigner, proved relatively in- effective. T ...
Economic Development and Urban Growth in the High Middle Ages 189 revolved in favor of the major guilds in 1382, but in 1434 a c ...
prowess and the democratic character of their cantonal governments, which tended to limit social strife. In those areas that pos ...
Economic Development and Urban Growth in the High Middle Ages 191 was the fear of infidels, and the nobles were every- where a t ...
is of Venetian origin and refers to the section of the city reserved for Jews, but London had its Steelyard, where the Hansa mer ...
Economic Development and Urban Growth in the High Middle Ages 193 male counterparts) in monopolies and restrictive trad- ing pra ...
Crime was more difficult to control. The intimacy of town life encouraged theft, and the labyrinth of streets and alleys provide ...
CHAPTER OUTLINE I. Introduction II. The Ecology of Medieval Life: The Medieval Diet III. Disease and Demography IV. The Rural Up ...
196Chapter 11 with the services of the village baker. Many different kinds of bread existed, ranging from the fine white loaves ...
Material and Social Life in the Middle Ages197 A diet of bread was monotonous and poor in virtu- ally every nutritional element ...
198Chapter 11 protein in youth. The average height of an adult male was probably not much above five feet, though this dif- fere ...
Material and Social Life in the Middle Ages199 have been emotionally devastating to the mother and murder in the eyes of the law ...
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