Western Civilization - History Of European Society

300 Chapter 16 lower shipping rates than their competitors. With the founding of the East and West India companies, this advanta ...

Preindustrial Europe: Science, the Economy, and Political Reorganization 301 and virtuous housewives at work in an idealized vis ...

302 Chapter 16 miles away (see illustration 16.5). To occupy his new courtiers, Louis developed an elaborate ritual centered aro ...

Preindustrial Europe: Science, the Economy, and Political Reorganization 303 might be called the first modern army. It was given ...

30 4Chapter 16 Hapsburg king of Spain, Charles II “the Bewitched” died childless in 1700, and the final war of Louis’s reign was ...

Preindustrial Europe: Science, the Economy, and Political Reorganization 305 Thirty Years’ War and remained vulnerable to the sh ...

306 Chapter 16 Using knowledge acquired firsthand in the ship- yards of Holland and England, Peter supervised the building of a ...

Preindustrial Europe: Science, the Economy, and Political Reorganization 307 (reigned 1702–14), Parliament showed an unprece- de ...

308 Chapter 16 of Europe’s central banks, allowing private bankers to draw upon its gold reserves in periods of financial crisis ...

CHAPTER OUTLINE I. Introduction II. The Population of Europe in the Old Regime III. The Economic Structures of the Rural World I ...

310 Chapter 17 conduct a regular census. The first modern census in England, for example, was held in 1801. Isolated census data ...

The Social and Economic Structure of the Old Regime 311 system of plowing and hoeing to pulverize the soil, and invented a seed ...

312 Chapter 17 protoindustrialization), when entrepreneurs negotiated contracts with peasant spinners and weavers. An entre- pre ...

The Social and Economic Structure of the Old Regime 313 Historians have mostly studied corporative society in France, where the ...

314 Chapter 17 percent of the population compared with 1 percent in France; this meant that the Polish aristocracy included bare ...

The Social and Economic Structure of the Old Regime 315 the life of lavish dinners and balls. Yet a position at court was often ...

316 Chapter 17 than shirts. Such distinctions existed across Europe. In the east, a few families of grand seigneurs owned most o ...

The Social and Economic Structure of the Old Regime 317 Aristocratic privilege varied significantly from country to country. In ...

31 8Chapter 17 the Habsburg government. The same lord arrested draft evaders or tax delinquents and punished them, and peasants ...

The Social and Economic Structure of the Old Regime 319 an established church—approximately 10 percent of a harvest—and taxes to ...