Western Civilization - History Of European Society

CHAPTER OUTLINE I. Introduction II. Ancient Italy III. The Origins of Rome IV. The Economic and Social Structures of Early Rome ...

The Rise of the Roman Republic61
Ancient Italy The long, boot-shaped Italian peninsula bisects the Mediterranean (see map 4.1) ...

land immediately southwest of the mainland. As a con- sequence of climatic change, Sicily today is dry and rel- atively poor, bu ...

The Rise of the Roman Republic63 an early date they formed a league, which was chiefly religious and athletic in purpose. The ci ...

threat. Surfaced in stone and often lined with trees, a few of the roads are still in use today. These arrangements proved effec ...

The Rise of the Roman Republic65 probably averaged no more than two or three acres— twenty acres was regarded as a substantial e ...

hams and sausages but also that greatest of all Roman delicacies: roast suckling pig. Roman farms were usually worked by the own ...

The Rise of the Roman Republic67 Cato (234–149 B.C.), the author, general, and statesman from whom much information is derived a ...

could afford to fight on horseback instead of on foot. Like their Etruscan counterparts, they presided over elaborate networks o ...

The Rise of the Roman Republic69 divided again by inheritance until many citizens were virtually landless. Roman law insisted on ...

70Chapter 4 DOCUMENT 4.4 Ulpian: Roman Law The Roman jurist Ulpian was born at Tyre in Phoenicia and died in A.D. 225. His wri ...

The Rise of the Roman Republic71 Other magistrates called praetorsadministered justice, though they, too, might serve as general ...

72Chapter 4 in a dozen ways and affect its implementation by the magistrates when it passed. The power of such networks was augm ...

The Rise of the Roman Republic73 (Messina), which controls the strait between Sicily and the Italian mainland. The Syracusans se ...

74Chapter 4 and successor, Hasdrubal, bound them to Carthage by force or negotiation, creating in the process the nucleus of a f ...

The Rise of the Roman Republic75 The turning point came in 207 B.C. when Hanni- bal’s younger brother, who was in command of the ...

76Chapter 4 presence and, in the dark days after the battle of Can- nae, declared war against Rome in alliance with Carthage. Hi ...

The Rise of the Roman Republic77 four parts, but their patience was wearing thin. They destroyed seventy towns in Epirus, which ...

78Chapter 4 for their defense. Among other things, the senators feared that the creation of new magistrates and pro- consuls mig ...

The Rise of the Roman Republic79 Romans onward. But if the Senate was willing to shoul- der new massive responsibilities, it ref ...