Gardners Art through the Ages A Global History

gave his first sermon and set the Wheel of the Law in motion. It is a seven-foot lion capital (FIG. 6-6). Stylistically, Ashoka’ ...

A n essential element of Buddhist sanctuaries is the stupa, a grand circular mound modeled on earlier South Asian burial mounds ...

third of them women) made the monument’s construction possible. Veneration of the Buddha was open to all, not just the monks, an ...

Buddha’s birth at Lumbini, his enlightenment at Bodh Gaya, his first sermon at Sarnath, and the Buddha’s death at Kushinagara. A ...

air, is familiar in Roman art of the second and third centuries CE (FIGS. 10-65and 10-70). The figure of the Buddha on his death ...

bolizing the Deer Park at Sarnath. Buddha images such as this one be- came so popular that temples housing Buddha statues seem l ...

168 Chapter 6 SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIA BEFORE 1200 U nlike Buddhism (and Christianity, Islam, and other religions), Hinduism rec ...

Buddhist monastery at Ajanta. Buddhism and Hinduism are not monotheistic religions, such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. In ...

Shiva has three faces, each showing a different aspect of the deity. (A fourth, unseen at the back, is implied—the god has not e ...

declined, and the various local kings vied with one another to erect glorious shrines to the Hindu gods. MAMALLAPURAMIn addition ...

6-23Vishvanatha Temple (view looking north,left,and plan,above), Khajuraho, India, ca. 1000. The Vishvanatha Temple is a norther ...

temples such as the Vishvanatha symbolize constructed mountains with caves, comparable to the actual cave temples at Elephanta a ...

pleasing aromas (incense), and beautiful flowers—all things the god can enjoy through the senses. The food given to the god is p ...

scholars have interpreted the iconographic program in different ways, all agree on two essential points: the dependence of Borob ...

RECLINING VISHNUThe Khmer kings were exceedingly powerful and possessed enormous wealth. A now-fragmentary statue (FIG. 6-29) po ...

6-30Aerial view (looking northeast) of Angkor Wat, Angkor, Cambodia, first half of 12th century. Angkor Wat, built by Suryavarma ...

BAYONJayavarman VII (r. 1181–1219), Suryavarman II’s son, ruled over much of mainland Southeast Asia and built more during his r ...

INDUS CIVILIZATION, ca. 2600–1500 BCE ❚One of the world’s earliest civilizations arose in the Indus Valley in the third millenni ...

7-1Fan Kuan,Travelers among Mountains and Streams,Northern Song period, early 11th century. Hanging scroll, ink and colors on si ...

E ast Asia is a vast area, varied in both topography and climate. Dominated by the huge land mass of China, the region also enco ...