Gardners Art through the Ages A Global History

Sculpture Old Kingdom statues survive in significant numbers because they fulfilled an important function in Egyptian tombs as s ...

figure great compactness and solidity, with few projecting, breakable parts. The form manifests the purpose: to last for eternit ...

a position of honor in a largely illiterate society, the scribe was a much lower figure in the Egyptian hierarchy than the phara ...

Sculpture Although in most respects Middle Kingdom sculptors adhered to the conventions established during the Old Kingdom, ther ...

Architecture Senusret III’s tomb, at Dashur, is a mud-brick pyramid, but the most characteristic funerary monuments of the Middl ...

3-20Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut (looking west with the Middle Kingdom mortuary temple of Mentuhotep II at left), Deir el-Bahri ...

but once brightly painted low reliefs that cover many walls of the complex. In addition to representing great deeds, the reliefs ...

The rock-cut interior (FIG. 3-23) of the temple is also of colos- sal size. The distance from the facade to the back wall is an ...

of their own. At Abu Simbel, for example, north of his own temple, Ramses ordered the construction of a grand temple for his pri ...

plan—a narrow axial passageway through the complex—is charac- teristic of much of Egyptian architecture. Axial corridors are als ...

girl in his cloak. The polished stone shape has its own simple beauty, with the surfaces turning subtly about smoothly rounded c ...

before painting on it. This procedure, in contrast to true fresco painting on wet plaster (see “Fresco Painting,” Chapter 19, pa ...

NEFERTITI AND TIYEA painted limestone bust (FIG. 3-31) of Akhenaton’s queen, Nefertiti (her name means “The Beautiful One Has Co ...

characterize figures of the Amarna period. The pharaoh, his wife, and three of their daughters bask in the life-giving rays of A ...

Although Tutankhamen probably was considered too young to fight, his position as king required that he be represented as a con- ...

SCROLL OF HU-NEFER Tutankhamen’s mummy case (FIG. 3-34) shows the boy-king in the guise of Osiris, god of the dead and king of t ...

After Alexander Once formulated, Egyptian traditions tended to have very long lives, in architecture as in the other arts—even a ...

PREDYNASTIC AND EARLY DYNASTIC PERIODS, ca. 3500–2575 BCE ❚The unification of Upper and Lower Egypt into a single kingdom under ...

4-1Relieving triangle with confronting lions, detail of Lion Gate (FIG. 4-19), Mycenae, Greece, ca. 1300–1250 bce. The gateway t ...

I n the Iliad,Homer describes the might and splendor of the Greek armies poised before the walls of Tr o y. Clan after clan pour ...