Gardners Art through the Ages A Global History

suggest shading on the under side of Hades’ right arm, on Perse- phone’s torso, and elsewhere. Although fragmentary, the Vergina ...

Architecture In architecture, as in sculpture and painting, the Late Classical pe- riod was a time of innovation and experimenta ...

Corinthian capitals (FIG. 5-73; see “The Corinthian Capital,” above), an invention of the second half of the fifth centuryBCE. C ...

Hellenistic Period Alexander the Great’s conquest of the Near East and Egypt (where the Macedonian king was buried) ushered in a ...

perfect proportions used for the Parthenon—21 = (2 10) 1—but nothing else about the design is Classical. One anomaly immediate ...

Pergamon Pergamon, the kingdom of Attalos II (r. 159–138BCE), was one of those born in the early third centuryBCEafter the break ...

A deliberate connection was also made with Athens, whose ear- lier defeat of the Persians was by then legendary, and with the Pa ...

ated only by walking around it. From one side, the observer sees the Gaul’s intensely expressive face, from another his powerful ...

relief figure seems calm by comparison. The Samothracian Nike’s wings still beat, and the wind sweeps her drapery. Her himation ...

sculptor intentionally designed the work to tease the spectator, imbu- ing his partially draped Aphrodite with a sexuality absen ...

OLD MARKET WOMANThe realistic bent of much of Hel- lenistic sculpture—the very opposite of the Classical period’s ideal- ism—is ...

great achievements of Hellenistic artists was the redefinition of portrai- ture. In the Classical period, Kresilas was admired f ...

1506 in the presence of the great Italian Renaissance artist Michelan- gelo. The marble group, long believed an original of the ...

GEOMETRIC AND ORIENTALIZING ART, ca. 900–600BCE ❚Homer lived during the eighth centuryBCE, the era when the city-states of Class ...

6-1Interior of the chaitya hall, Karle, India, ca. 50 ce. An early example of Buddhist architecture, the chaitya hall at Karle i ...

S outh and Southeast Asia is a vast geographic area comprising, among others, the nations of India, Pak- istan, Sri Lanka, Thail ...

MOHENJO-DAROThe Indus cities boasted one of the world’s first sophisticated systems of water supply and sewage. Throughout Mohen ...

Perhaps the most impressive sculpture discovered is a robed male figure (FIG. 6-3) with half-closed eyes, a low forehead, and a ...

Hindus later did. Many historians have suggested religious and ritual continuities between the Indus Civilization and later Indi ...

ASHOKA The greatest Maurya ruler was Ashoka (r. 272–231 BCE), who left his imprint on history by converting to Buddhism and spre ...