1059Introduction—I-1:Clifford Still, 1948-C, PH-15, 80-7/8 x 70-3/4 inches, Oil on canvas,
© The Clyfford Still Estate. Photo: akg images;I-2:© English Heritage;I-3:akg-images/
Rabatti–Domingie;I-4:National Gallery of Art, Alfred Stieglitz Collection, Bequest of Georgia
O’Keeffe; 1987.58.3. © 2007 The Georgia O’Keefe Foundation/Artist’s Rights Society (ARS),
NY;I-5:Art © Estate of Ben Shahn/Licensed by VAGA, NY, NY. Whitney Museum of American
Art, NY. (gift of Edith and Milton Lowenthal in memory of Juliana Force);I-6:www.bednorz-
photo.de;I-7:akg images;I-8:Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gift of Junius S. Morgan, 1919
(19.73.209) Image © The Metropolitan Museum of Art;I-9:Courtesy Saskia Ltd., © Dr. Ron
Wiedenhoeft;I-10:Photo © Whitney Museum of American Art /© 2007 The Josef and Anni
Albers Foundation/Artists Rights Society (ARS), NY;I-11:National Gallery, London. NG14.
Bought, 1824;I-12:MOA Art Museum, Shizuoka-ken, Japan;I-13:Bayerische Staatsgemälde-
sammlungen, Alte Pinakothek, Munich and Kunstdia-Archiv ARTOTHEK, Weilheim, Germany;
I-14:Jürgen Liepe, Berlin;I-15:Metropolitan Museum of Art, Michael C. Rockefeller Memorial
Collection, Gift of Nelson A. Rockefeller, 1965. (1987.412.309) Photograph © 1983 The Metro-
politan Museum of Art;I-16:© Nimatallah/Art Resource, NY;I-17:© Scala/Art Resource, NY;
I-19 (left): © National Library of Australia, Canberra, Australia/The Bridgeman Art Library, NY;
I-19 (right):From The Childhood of Manby Leo Frobenius (New York: J.B. Lippincott, 1909).
Chapter 1—1-1:© Bob Krist/CORBIS;1-2:Photo: Paul G. Bahn;1-3:With permission:
Namibia Archaeological Trust;1-4:© Ulmer Museum. Photo: Thomas Stephan;1-5:©Ar-
chivo Iconografico, S.A./CORBIS;1-5A:© Réunion des Musées Nationaux/Art Resource, NY;
1-6:© Musee des Antiquites Nationales, St. Germain-en-Laye, France, Lauros/Giraudon/The
Bridgeman Art Library, NY;1-6A:Louis de Seille/Courtesy Jean Clottes;1-6B:From The
Eternal Present, A Contribution on Constancy and Changeby S. Giedion © 1964 by Sigfried
Giedion. Used by permission of Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, a division of Random
House, Inc.;1-7:Jean Vertut;1-8:© Réunion des Musées Nationaux/Art Resource, NY;1-9:
Jean Vertut;1-10:Jean Vertut;1-11:Jean Vertut;1-11A:akg-images;1-12:French Ministr y
of Culture and Communication, Regional Direction for Cultural Affairs, Rhone-Alpes region,
Regional Department of Archaeology;1-13:Jean Vertut;1-14:Archivio e Studio Folco Quilici,
Roma;1-14A:The Art Archive/Archaeological Museum Amman Jordan/Gianni Dagli Orti/
Picture Desk;1-15:ANCIENT STATUES FROM JORDAN. These life-size, human-form figures
made of plaster and bitumen date from 6500 B.C. And were recovered in 1985 from the statue
pit at Ain Ghazal the Neolithic site located on the outskirts of Amman the capital of Jordan.
Courtesy of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Dept. of Antiquities Statues from Ain Ghazal;
1-16:John Swogger/© Catalhoyuk Research Project;1-17:© Gianni Dagli Orti/CORBIS;1-18:
James Mellaart;1-19:© Sandro Vannini/CORBIS;1-19A:© Adam Woolfitt/CORBIS;1-20:
© Adam Woolfitt/CORBIS.
Chapter 2—2-1:© Réunion des Musées Nationaux/Art Resource, NY;02-1A:©Lauros/
Giraudon/The Bridgeman Art Library International;2-2:© Robert Harding Picture Library;
2-4:© Aladin Abdel Naby/Reuters/CORBIS;2-5:Erwin Bohm;2-6:© Erich Lessing/Art Re-
source, NY;2-6A:Hirmer Verlag GMBH;2-7:© Réunion des Musées Nationaux/Art Resource,
NY;2-8:© British Museum, London, UK/The Bridgeman Art Library, NY;2-9:©British Mu-
seum, London, UK/The Bridgeman Art Library, NY;2-10 both:University of Pennsylvania
Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia;2-11:© Copyright the Trustees of
The British Museum;2-12:© Joseph Scherschel/National Geographic Image Collection;2-13:
© Réunion des Musées Nationaux/Art Resource, NY;2-14:University of Pennsylvania Museum
of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia;2-15:Erwin Bohm;2-16:© Erich Lessing/
Art Resource, NY;2-16A:© Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY;2-17:© Réunion des Musées
Nationaux/Art Resource, NY;2-17A:© Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY;2-18:© Borromeo/Art
Resource, NY;2-19:© Réunion des Musées Nationaux/Art Resource, NY;2-21:Courtesy Saskia
Ltd., © Dr. Ron Wiedenhoeft;2-22:© British Museum/HIP/Art Resource, NY;2-22A:©Cour-
tesy of the Trustees of the British Museum, London;2-23:© Copyright the Trustees of The
British Museum;2-24:© Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/Art Resource, NY;2-25:The
Art Archive/Dagli Orti (A);2-25A:© age fotostock/SuperStock;2-26:© David Poole/Robert
Harding Picture Library;2-26A:© Scala/Art Resource, NY;2-27:akg-images/Gérard Degeorge;
2-28:Courtesy Saskia Ltd., © Dr. Ron Wiedenhoeft.
Chapter 3—3-1: © Robert Harding Picture Library;3-2:J. E. Quibell and F. W. Geen,
Hierakonpolis vol. 2 (London 1902) p. 76;3-3:Hirmer Fotoarchiv, Munich;3-5: © Werner
Forman/Art Resource, NY;3-6A:Ancient Art and Architecture Collection;3-7:© Erich Lessing/
Art Resource, NY;3-8:© Yann Arthus-Bertrand/CORBIS;3-10:Courtesy of the Semitic Mu-
seum, Harvard University;3-11:© Robert Harding Picture Library;3-12:© Araldo de Luca;
3-12A:akg-images/Andrea Jemolo;3-12B:© Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY;3-13:Museum
of Fine Arts, Boston. Harvard University—Boston Museum of Fine Arts Expedition, 11.1738.
Photograph © 2008 Museum of Fine Arts, Boston;3-14:© Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY;
3-14A:Roemer- und Pelizaeus-Museum, Hildesheim;3-14B:Jürgen Liepe, Berlin;3-15:Jean
Ve r t u t ;3-16:Maurice Babey;3-17:The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Purchase, Edward S.
Harkness Gift, 1926 (26.7.1394) Photograph © 1979 The Metropolitan Museum of Art;3-17A:
Statue of Lady Sennuwy,probably for Tomb of Djefaihapu, Asyut, Egypt, found in Royal Tumu-
lus K III, Kerma, Nubia, Sudan, Middle Kingdom, reign of Senwosret I, 1971–26 BCE(grandior-
ite), Egyptian 12th Dynasty (1991–1786 BCE)/Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Massachusetts,
USA/Harvard University–Museum of Fine Arts Expedition. Photograph © 2009 Museum of
Fine Arts, Boston;3-18:© Marburg/Art Resource, NY;3-19:akg-images/Francois Guenet;
3-20:Getty Research Library, Wim Swaan Photograph Collection, 96.P.21;3-20A:© Scala/Art
Resource, NY;3-21:The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Rogers Fund, 1929. (29.3.1) Photograph
by Schecter Lee. Photograph © 1986 The Metropolitan Museum of Art;3-22:©Carmen
Redondo/CORBIS;3-23:© Robert Harding Picture Library;3-24:Jean Claude Golvin;3-24A:
© Yann Arthus-Bertrand/CORBIS;3-25:© Robert Harding Picture Library;3-26:Metropolitan
Museum of Art, Levi Hale Willard Bequest, 1890 (90.35.1), and the Frank H. McClung Museum,
The University of Tennessee;3-27:© Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/Art Resource, NY;
3-28:© Archivo Iconografico, S.A./CORBIS ;3-29:© Werner Forman/CORBIS ;3-30:© Araldo
de Luca;3-31:© Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/Art Resource, NY;3-32:© Bildarchiv
Preussischer Kulturbesitz/Art Resource, NY;3-33:© Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/
Art Resource, NY;3-34:© Boltin Picture Library/The Bridgeman Art Library, NY;3-35:
© Robert Harding Picture Library;3-36:© British Museum/HIP/Art Resource, NY;3-37:
© British Museum/HIP/Art Resource, NY;3-37A:Jürgen Liepe, Berlin;3-38:© Yann Arthus-
Bertrand/CORBIS.
Chapter 4—4-1:© Pete Saloutos/zefa/CORBIS;4-2:© Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY;
4-3:The Art Archive/National Archaeological Museum Athens/Dagli Orti;4-4:© Yann Arthus-
Bertrand/CORBIS;4-6:© Roger Wood/CORBIS;4-7:Courtesy Saskia Ltd., © Dr. Ron Wieden-
hoeft;4-8:The Art Archive/Heraklion Museum/Dagli Orti;4-8A:© Nimatallah/Art Resource,
NY;4-9:© Nimatallah/Art Resource, NY;4-9A:Photo, Henri Stierlin;4-9B:Ch. Doumas,“The
Wall Paintings of Thera,” Idryma Theras-Petros M. Nomikos, Athens, 1992;4-10:Hans Hinz;
4-11:© Scala/Art Resource, NY;4-12:© Nimatallah/Art Resource, NY;4-13:© British School
at Athens;4-14:© Roger Wood/CORBIS;4-15:Photo by Raymond V. Schoder, © 1987 by
Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, Inc.;4-16:© Paul Almasy/ CORBIS;4-18A: The Art Archive/
Archaeological Museum Chora Greece/Gianni Dagli Orti/Picture Desk;4-19: Copyright © SIME
s.a.s /eStock Photo—All rights reserved;4-20:© Vanni Archive/CORBIS;4-21:© Vanni
Archive/CORBIS;4-22:© Archivo Iconografico, S.A./CORBIS;4-23:The Art Archive/National
Archaeological Museum Athens/Dagli Orti;4-23A:© Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY;4-24:
The Art Archive/National Archaeological Museum Athens/Dagli Orti;4-24A:©Nimatallah/
Art Resource, NY;4-25: akg-images.
Chapter 5—5-1:© Araldo de Luca/CORBIS;5-2:The Metropolitan Museum of Art,
Rogers Fund, 1914. (14.130.14) Photograph © 1996 The Metropolitan Museum of Art;5-2A:
© Nimatallah/Art Resource, NY;5-3:The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gift of J. Pierpont
Morgan, 1917. (17.190.2072). Photograph © 1996 The Metropolitan Museum of Art;5-4:
© Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA, USA, Denman Waldo Ross Collection/The Bridgeman
Art Library, NY;5-5:© Copyright the Trustees of The British Museum;5-7:© Réunion des
Musées Nationaux/Art Resource, NY;5-8:The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Fletcher Fund,
1932 (32.11.1). Photograph © 1997 The Metropolitan Museum of Art;5-9:© Nimatallah/Art
Resource, NY;5-10:© Gianni Dagli Orti/CORBIS;5-11:© Nimatallah/Art Resource, NY;5-12:
Studio Kontos;5-15:© Vanni/Art Resource, NY;5-17:© Vanni/Art Resource, NY;5-18A:CREDITS
The author and publisher are grateful to the proprietors and custodians of various works of art for
photographs of these works and permission to reproduce them in this book. Sources not included in the
captions are listed here.