Using Key Terms
1.Cell-membrane proteins do notinclude
a.enzymes. c.markers.
b.transporters. d.lipids
2.The _____________ houses a eukaryotic
cell’s DNA.
a.mitochondrion c.cytoskeleton
b.nucleus d.ER
3.Proteins are produced by
a.vesicles. c.lysosomes.
b.ribosomes. d.smooth ER.
4.Most of a cell’s ATP is produced by
a.chloroplasts.
b.flagella.
c.the cytoskeleton.
d.mitochondria.
5.For each pair of terms, explain the
differences in their meanings.
a.light microscope, electron microscope
b.flagellum, cilium
c.cytoplasm, cytoskeleton
d.chloroplast, mitochondriaUnderstanding Key Ideas
6.The main advantage of the transmission
electron microscope is that it shows
a.three-dimensional images of cell surfaces.
b.the organelles of living cells.
c.a cell’s internal structure in fine detail.
d.the actual colors of a cell’s components.
7.The maximum size of a cell is determined
by the ratio between the cell’s
a.surface area and volume.
b.volume and organelles.
c.organelles and cytoplasm.
d.cytoplasm and nucleus.
8.Eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic
cells in that eukaryotic cells
a.lack organelles.
b.have DNA but not ribosomes.
c.are smaller than prokaryotic cells.
d.have a nucleus.9.In the cell membrane, the fatty acids of
phospholipid molecules
a.face the cytoplasm.
b.face the outside of the cell.
c.are on both sides of the membrane.
d.are in the interior of the membrane.
10.One function of the Golgi apparatus
is to
a.store DNA.
b.make carbohydrates.
c.modify proteins.
d.digest and recycle the cell’s wastes.
11.Structures present in plant cells but not
present in animal cells include
a.chloroplasts and the central vacuole.
b.mitochondria and the cell wall.
c.ribosomes and ER.
d.lysosomes and the Golgi apparatus.
12.What kind of microscope produced the
image of cilia shown below?13.Explain how the cell membrane con-
tributes to a cell’s ability to maintain
homeostasis.
14.Transport proteins in the membrane of a
lysosome move hydrogen ions into the
lysosome. Use this information to predict
whether digestive enzymes in a lysosome
work best in a neutral, a basic, or an
acidic environment. (Hint:See Chapter 2,
Section 2.)- Concept MappingMake a concept
map that compares plant cells with animal
cells. Include the following terms in your
concept map: cell membrane, cell wall,
central vacuole, chloroplasts, and
mitochondria.
Performance
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68 CHAPTER 3Review
CHAPTER REVIEW
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