electron transport chain Last phase of cellular respiration; used to power the formation
of ATP occurs during this phase.
FADH 2 Electron carrier produced during the Kreb’s cycle.
fermentation Anaerobic respiration in which NAD+is recycled so that is can be reused
in the glycolysis process.
glycolysis First phase of cellular respiration; breakdown of glucose occurs during glycoly-
sis; produces two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules.
lactic acid fermentation AnaerobicrespirationthatrecyclesNAD+forglycolysis; occurs
in animals and some bacteria and fungi.
matrix The inner compartment of the mitochondrion that is filled with enzymes in a gel-
like fluid.
mitochondria Organelle where cellular respiration occurs; known as the ”powerhouse” of
the cell because this is the organelle where the ATP that powers the cell is produced.
NADH Electron carrier produced during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
Points to Consider
- Now that we know how the cell gets its energy, we are going to turn our attention to
cell division. Cell division is a highly regulated process. - What do you think could happen if your cells divide uncontrollably?
- When new life is formed, do you think it receives all the DNA of the mother and the
father? - Why do you think you might need new cells throughout your life?
Image Sources
(1) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:
Osmotic_pressure_on_blood_cells_diagram.svg. Public Domain.(2) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Diffusion.en.jpg. Public Domain.(3) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:
Simple_photosynthesis_overview.svg. GNU-FDL.