gonads Organ that produces gametes, such as the ovaries and testes.
haploid When a cell has only one set of chromosomes, typical of a gamete.
internal fertilization Reproduction occurs through the internal deposit of gametes.
external fertilization Reproduction where the eggs are fertilized outside the body.
meiosis Nuclear division that results in haploid gametes.
ovaries Female gonads in animals that produce eggs.
parthenogenesis Reproduction where an unfertilized egg develops into a new individual.
sexual reproduction Reproduction where gametes from two parents combine to make an
individual with an unique set of genes.
sister chromatids Two genetically identical chromosome segments that form after DNA
replication.
testes Male gonads in animals that produce sperm.
zygote Single cell that is formed after the fertilization of an egg; the first cell of a new
organism.
Points to Consider
- What must be replicated prior to mitosis?
- How do you think DNA might be replicated?
- What might happen if there is a mistake during DNA replication?
5.3 Lesson 5.3: DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis.
Lesson Objectives
- Explain the chemical composition of DNA.
- Explain how DNA synthesis works.
- Explain how proteins are coded for and synthesized.
- Describe the three types of RNA and the functions of each.