RNA The nucleic acid that carries the information stored in DNA to the ribosome.
semiconservative replication DescribeshowthereplicationofDNAresultsintwomolecules
of DNA, each with one original strand and one new strand.
transcription The synthesis of a RNA that carries the information encoded in the DNA.
translation The synthesis of proteins as the ribosome reads each codon in RNA, which
code for a specific amino acid.
Points to Consider
- Your cells have “proofreaders” that replace mismatched pairs that occurred during
DNA synthesis. How would that affect the rate of mutation in your body? - There are many diseases due to mutations in the DNA. These are known as genetic
diseases, and many can be passed onto the next generation. Think about how a single
base change cause a huge medical problem like sickle cell anemia. - Your DNA contains the instructions to make you. So is everyone’s DNA different?
Can it be used to distinguish individuals, like a fingerprint?
Image Sources
(1) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Bacilli_division_diagram.png.
GNU-FDL.(2) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Cell_cycle.png. CC-BY-SA 3.0.(3) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:DNA_Structure.jpg. GNU-FDL.(4) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Sperm-egg.jpg. Public Domain.(5) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Parthkomodo.jpg. CC-BY-SA.(6) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:ProteinTranslation.jpg. Public
Domain.(7) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Wilson1900Fig2.jpg. Public
Domain.(8) http://www.flickr.com/photos/emeryjl/456175019/. CC-BY 2.0.(9) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Codons_aminoacids_table.png.
GNU-FDL.