1l0'JGOXERY"?"
HI.uk1',ISll'I1X'·'Schoose,/,(i,,,",'II.'(",.'" "~U"(j.!/irr,I".,.lU{(S.''!(rhe
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were admi tte d. So begana lon g srrugglcforequal
right sincducarion.Itw assti ll going 0 1l 111 0re than
thirt yYl'ars later.
Anotherlandmar kin th e b lackstruggle cam e on
Decem berI.1955 .A b lackwomannamedRosa
Parks gOtallabusinth eStric tlysegreg atedsouthe rn
cit yofM ou rgorucr v. Alab am a. She to o ka scat
to w ards the hackofth e bus,asblack s weresup po sed
to do. But then w hiteworkersandsho p persti lledup
th e fro ntsectio no f th e b usandth e driver o rde redher
tog rvcupher sear. Mrs.Parks d ecidedth atshe
wou ld nor betreated inthatw ay. Sherefusedto
move.
Mrs.Parks wasarres ted .13mth e blackpeo pleof
Montgom er ysu ppo rtedher.The N ational
AssociationforrhcAdvancem entofColoredPeo p le
(NAACP) helpedthemtoper su adeajudgetore-lease
Mrs.Parksfromj ail.T hentheystarreda campaign
toendsegregation0 11b uses.Led bya young
clergymennamedMartinLutherKing.theybeganto
stopus ing ,or"boycott. "the city 's bu sservices.The
boycottwento n fora year.Finally. 111 N o vember
1956.th e Supreme Courtdeclaredth at segreg atio n
onpublicbuseswas un cons titu tio na l. Mon rgomcrvs
publi ctransp o rt systemwas deseg regated.
The successoftheMont gomer y busboycott
encouraged blacksinot herp lacestoacttogethe r
agains tsegregation.They bovconcdstoreswhere
blackworke rswererefusedjobs.refusedto pay rent
untillan dlo rd s improvedhousi n gcondi tions.an d
he-ld "sit-ins"in restaurants th atwould1I0tserve
b lackcustomers.T hey achievedm an ysuccesses.
27 Bl.ACKAMERICAI'SA climaxoftheC ivil Rights mo vem entcamein
1963.OnahorAu gu stday2oo.(XXIpeople,blackand
white.tookpart in a massdemonstrat io nIII
Washin g to ntodemandfullracialequality.In a
m o vin g anddramaticspeech.Mar rinLutherKin g
toldmillionsofAmerica nswarch ing their televisions
allover th ecountry:
" I ha...-cadreamth at oneday this nationwillnsc
upandliveo utth esetruth s tha tallmenarc created
eq ual. Ihavea dreamthato nedayonthered hillsof
Georgiathesonsoffo rmer slavesand thesonsof
former slave ho lderswillbe able tositdownto gether
atth e tableofbrorherhood.Ih aveadrea mthatmy
fourlink' ch ild renw illone daylivein a nationwhere
th eywillnor bejudgedb y th e color o f th eirskin bur
by th e co nten t of th ei rcharacter. "113