An Illustrated History of the USA

Sourh Aurcri r a.A bout5,000yearslatertheir cJ mp
fin'swere burningo ntill'frozen sout herntip of the
cont ine nt.nowcalledTierradel Pucgo-crhcLaudof
Fire.
ForlJ UIlYccmunesl'arl)'A merindianslivedas
wanderinghunrcrsandgathe rersoffood.Thena
moresettledwayoflifebegan. Peo plelivin gin
highlandareasof'whar i s no wM exicofound a w ild
grasswith tinyseedsthatweregoodtocar.These
peoplebecameAmerica's firstfa rmers.They
cultivatedthewildg rasswithgreatcarl'romakeits
seedslarger.Event uallyir became Ind ian corn.o r
maize.O rhcrcultivatedplan tfoodsweredeveloped.
By5tJ(JOlieAmerindiansillMexicoweregrowing
and eatingbeans.squashandpl·p pl·rs.
ThePueblopeopleofpresentdayA rizonaandNew
Mexicoweretill'besto rganizedoftill'Amerindian
farmi ngpeoples.Theylivedingroupsofv illages,or
intownswhichwerebuiltfo r safcev on theaidesand
topsofcliffs.Theysharedte rracedbuildi ngsmad eof
adobe(mudandstraw)b ricks.d riedinthe sun.Some
ofthese buildingscontainedasmanyasHOOrooms.
crowdedto getherontopofoneanother .T hePueblo

1 Till. rIlls',A,\ILIlJCANS

m ade clothingandblankets fromcotton whichg rew

WildIIIthesurroundi ngdeserts.O n th eirfeett111'y

wore boor-sh apedleathermoccasinstop ro tecttheir

leg sagainst till'slurp ro ck samicactusplants of [he

desert.Forfoo dth eygfl'Wcropsofmaizeandbeans.

Irrigatio n mad ethemsuccessful as tanners.Lon g

beforeEuropeanscametoA nll-rica[hePueblowere

b uildingnetworksofcanalsacrossthedesertsto

b ri ngwatertotheirfields,Inonedesertvalley

modernarchaeologistshan'tracedcanalsandditches

whichenabledth ePueblotoirrigate250.0110acresof

farmland.

ApeoplecalledtheA pachcweretheneighborsofthe

Pueblo.TheApacheneverbecamesettledfanners.

Theywanderedrhcdesertsandmountainsinsmall

bands,huntingdeerandgJtlll'rillgwildplants.nuts

androo ts.T heyalsoobtainedfood byraid ingthei r

Pueb loneighborsandstealingIt.T heApachewere

fierce andwarlike.andthl"y were muc h fearedbythe

Pueb lo.

Thl'Butl~loHUll!byCIr,,, lt l.\1,R"slClI.•i"'t rr"J "m s/",,"i,r.~

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