Article I
The High Contracting Parties solemnly declare in the names of their respective
peoples that they condemn recourse to war for the solution of international con-
troversies, and renounce it, as an instrument of national policy in their relations
with one another.Article II
The High Contracting Parties agree that the settlement or solution of all disputes
or conflicts of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be, which may
arise among them, shall never be sought except by pacific [peaceful] means.Article III
The present Treaty shall be ratified by the High Contracting Parties named in the
Preamble in accordance with their respective constitutional requirements, and
shall take effect as between them as soon as all their several instruments of ratifi-
cation shall have been deposited at Washington.
This Treaty shall, when it has come into effect as prescribed in the preceding para-
graph, remain open as long as may be necessary for adherence by all the other Powers
of the world. Every instrument evidencing the adherence of a Power shall be depos-
ited at Washington and the Treaty shall immediately upon such deposit become effec-
tive as; between the Power thus adhering and the other Powers parties hereto.
It shall be the duty of the Government of the United States to furnish each
Government named in the Preamble and every Government subsequently adher-
ing to this Treaty with a certified copy of the Treaty and of every instrument of
ratification or adherence. It shall also be the duty of the Government of the United
States telegraphically to notify such Governments immediately upon the deposit
with it of each instrument of ratification or adherence.
IN FAITH WHEREOF the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this Treaty
in the French and English languages both texts having equal force, and hereunto
affix their seals.
DONE at Paris, the twenty seventh day of August in the year one thousand
nine hundred and twenty-eight.Charles Irving Bevans, Treaties and Other International Agreements of the United States of
America, 1776–1949: Multilateral, 1918–1930 (Washington, DC: Department of State Publica-
tion, 1969), 734.p raCTICINg historical Thinking
Identify: List three to five significant points made in the Kellogg-Briand Pact.
Analyze: What contextual factors shaped this pact?
Evaluate: Although the Kellogg-Briand Pact casts the United States as an interna-
tional force, in what ways does the pact also help to preserve American power?TopIC II | War in the name of Democracy? 41519_STA_2012_ch18_405-426.indd 415 17/04/15 10:11 AM