The Renaissance

three thousand cavalry on the eastern bank of the Elbe River, in what is now north- eastern Germany. Charles and his com- mander ...

than sung) was a piece that showed off the musician’s ability; the pavane was a slow lament for the dead; and the allemande, gal ...

tribute from Hindu states south of the In- dian peninsula. In the meantime, the me- dieval Muslim societies of the Middle East d ...

Renaissance sculptors, woodworkers, jewelers, and painters depicted these dei- ties, who replaced the biblical events and themes ...

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Naples City of southern Italy that was the capital of a kingdom covering the southern re- gions of the peninsula and the island ...

ful efforts to wrest it from their control. Finally Spain united Naples and Sicily un- der its own government in 1501 and sent v ...

in the writings of Giovanni Pico della Mi- randola, Marsilio Ficino, and Giordano Bruno, and was taken up by significant artists ...

In 1496, the marriage of Philip the Handsome with Joanna, a Habsburg prin- cess of Spain and daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella ...

Nicholas V ...................................... (1397–1455) Pope from 1447 until 1455 who resolved the long-standing conflict ...

mous play for her alleged decadence. In 1441 she returned with her family to Ve- rona, where she studied the Bible and clas- sic ...

prediction based on the configuration of stars and planets as it would exist at some future point, and finding correspondences i ...

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Ottoman Empire .............................. O The Ottoman Empire was established by Osman, a Turkish tribal leader who over- t ...

Islamic community. In the meantime, the Ottomans drove into Arabia and Persia, overthrew Mamluk dynasties in Syria and Egypt, an ...

assassinated in the year before Ovid’s birth. The poet skillfully revives the nearly for- gotten mythologies of Greece and finds ...

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painting As the primary art associated with the Re- naissance, painting reflects many of the most important discoveries, philoso ...

best of them were sought after by collec- tors, monarchs, and nobles. Painting in the Middle Ages was domi- nated by religion an ...

techniques of perspective and optical illu- sions. Mannerism was meant not to con- vey a religious scene or classical myth, but ...