Chronology of American Indian History

(Marvins-Underground-K-12) #1

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Unity: Journalists of Color, a national organization
of minority journalists, hesitated to hold its 2008
convention in the city because of the ban.


“[T]here [will] be a Guard ap-
pointed at the end of the said
Town [Boston] towards Rox-
bury, to hinder the coming in
of any Indian, until Application
be first made to the Gover-
nor, or Council if fitting, and
to be... remanded back with
the same Guard, not to be suf-
fered to lodge in Town, unless
in Prison.”
—From a 1675 law prohibiting
Indians from entering Boston

June 4


The Bosque Redondo Memorial is dedicated.
At Bosque Redondo, where the Navajo (Dineh) and
Mescalero Apache were imprisoned from 1863 to
1868 (see entries for FEBRUARY TO MARCH 1864
and for JUNE 1868), New Mexico opens a new me-
morial to commemorate this tragic episode. The
opening is attended by hundreds, including Na-
vajo and Mescalero Apache leaders. Designed by a
Navajo architect, the memorial features a visitor’s
center with an elevated entrance that faces the rising
sun. Inside is an exhibition space for photographs
and artifacts from the Bosque Redondo period.


June 28


Circuit Court rules against Cayuga land
claims.
By a two-to-one ruling, the U.S. 2nd Circuit Court
of Appeals dismisses the land claims suit of the Ca-
yuga Nation of New York and the Seneca-Cayuga


Tribe of Oklahoma. For 25 years, the Cayuga have
fought in court for land illegally taken from them
by the state of New York in the late 18th and early
19th centuries. The Circuit Court bases its ruling on
the recent Supreme Court finding in City of Sherrill
v. Oneida Indian Nation (see entry for MARCH 29,
2005) and holds that too much time has passed for
the Cayuga to sue the state for damages. New York
governor George Pataki, who had been negotiating
a settlement with the Cayuga, declares the decision
“a tremendous victory for the property owners and
taxpayers in central New York.”
In September 2005, the Cayuga’s request for a
full panel of the 2nd Circuit Court to reconsider
the ruling will be denied. The rejection will open
the way for the Cayuga to appeal the court’s deci-
sion to the Supreme Court.

August

The National Collegiate Athletic Association
bans postseason Indian mascots.
The executive committee of the National Collegiate
Athletic Association (NCAA) announces a ban on
the use of “hostile or abusive” Indian mascots and
nicknames during postseason championship tour-
naments. The NCAA also prohibits these images on
the uniforms of any teams participating. The ruling
will affect at least 18 schools, which will be granted
the opportunity to appeal the decision. Some teams
with Indian nicknames will not be subject to the
rule. For instances, schools that use the name
“Warrior” and employ Indian symbols will not be
affected. (See also entry for AUGUST 23, 2005.)

August 10

Pueblo tribe members protest
Albuquerque’s Tricentennial.
At the New Mexico capitol, tribe members from
Taos, San Ildenfonso, and Santa Ana Pueblo gather
to protest Albuquerque’s celebration of its tricen-
tennial. They are also critical of a plan to erect in
El Paso, Texas, a four-story statue of Don Juan de
Oñate, the Spanish conquistador who subdued
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