The analysis will include a significance test with H 0 : Heartaid and the current medication areequally effective at preventing heart disease and H (^) A : Heartaid is more effective than the current
medication at preventing heart disease. Which of these would be a potential consequence of a Type
II error?
A. Patients will spend more money on Heartaid, even though it is actually not any more effective
than the current medication.
B. Doctors will begin to prescribe Heartaid to patients, even though it is actually not any more
effective than the current medication.
C. Patients will continue to use the current medication, even though Heartaid is actually more
effective.
D. Researchers will calculate the wrong P -value, making their advice to doctors invalid.
E. Researchers will calculate the correct P- value, but will misinterpret it in their conclusion.
- Researchers in the Southwest are studying tortoises—a species of animal that is affected by habitat
loss due to human development of the desert. A total of 78 tortoises are being studied by
researchers at several sites. The data on gender and species of all these tortoises is organized in the
table shown below.
If a tortoise from this study is to be selected at random, let A = the tortoise is female and B = the
tortoise is a Morafka . Which of the following appropriately interprets the value of P(B|A)?
A. 31.3% is the probability that a randomly selected Morafka tortoise is a female tortoise.
B. 31.3% is the probability that a randomly selected female tortoise is a Morafka tortoise.
C. 19.2% is the probability that a randomly selected Morafka tortoise is a female tortoise.
D. 19.2% is the probability that a randomly selected female tortoise is a Morafka tortoise.
E. 31.3% is the probability that a randomly selected tortoise is a Morafka tortoise.
The main purpose of blocking in an experiment is to:
A. reduce bias.
B. reduce confounding.
C. reduce variation within treatments.
D. reduce variation between treatments.
E. reduce the probability of a Type I error.
The midterm scores for a statistics course were approximately normally distributed with a mean of
52 points and a standard deviation of 4 points. The final exam scores were approximately normally
distributed with a mean of 112 points and a standard deviation of 10 points. One student had a score
of 58 points on the midterm. If she had the same standardized score (z -score) on the final exam,
what must her score have been?
A. 15 points