Index I41steamboats and, 236, 238,
336–337
transatlantic, 491
water-based, 463m
in West, 235, 236
Trans-Sahara trade, 13
Traumatic brain injuries (TBI), 610
Travis, William B., 299
A Treatise on Domestic Economy for
the Use of Young Ladies
(Beecher), 274
Trench warfare
during Civil War, 392
during World War I, 616f
Trent(ship), 379
Trenton, Battle of, 122, 209
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire, 564f
Triangular trade, 71
Tripoli, war with, 177
Tripp, Linda, 852
Trist, Nicholas P., 309
Trolley cars, 500–501
Trotter, William Monroe, 581
True-Blooded Yankee(ship), 199
Truman, Harry S.
atomic bomb and, 730
communism and, 748
containment policy of, 739–740
election of 1948 and, 743–744,
744 f
Fair Deal of, 744
foreign policy of, 739–745
Israel and, 752
Korean war and, 745–747
NATO and, 744
at Potsdam Conference, 733–734
on presidency, 666
as president, 739–740
on Stalin, 733–734, 739–740
World War II and, 730
Truman Doctrine, 741, 754f
Trumbull, John, 127, 137
Trusts, 469–470, 476–477
Truth, Sojourner, 323, 328
Tsetse fly, 13
Tuberculosis, 26
Tucker, Elsa, 402
Tugwell, Rexford G., 690, 703
Tunney, “Gentlemen Gene,” 650
Turkey, 741
Turkey trot, 651
Turner, Benjamin, 416f
Turner, Frederick Jackson, 261, 303,
446, 512, 518, 524f, 587
Turner, Henry M., 539
Turner, Nat, 258, 326
Turnpikes, 236
Tuskegee Institute, 538, 539
Twain, Mark, 445, 518, 519–520,
524 f, 655
Tweed, William Marcy, 540
Tweed Ring, 415
Twelfth Amendment, 172
Twenty-Fifth Amendment, 791
Twice-Told Tales(Hawthorne), 288
Twilight in the Wilderness(Church),
285 f
Two Years Before the Mast
(Dana), 301
Tydings, Millard F., 697
Tyler, Elizabeth, 654
Tyler, John, 266, 298
in 1840 election, 263
presidency of, 266
Tyler, Royall, 137
Typewriter, 458, 525f
Typhoid, 25, 56UAW. SeeUnited Automobile
Workers (UAW)
U-boats
in World War I, 617–618,
626–627
in World War II, 706, 707
UCLA School of Education, 821
Uncle Tom’s Cabin(Stowe), 228,
347–348, 348f, 365t
Underconsumption, 677
Underground Railroad, 350, 351m
Underwood Tariff, 576, 578f
Unemployment
among blacks, 700
current rate of, 664–665
during Great Depression, 680,
691–692, 691f, 700
in late-nineteenth century, 488
during World War II, 716
Unemployment insurance, 694
Unicorn(ship), 188
Union, in Civil War, advantages
of, 374
Union Army, 374–375, 377
veterans of, 532
Union Bank of Baltimore, 254
Union League of America, 422–423
Union of Russian Workers, 635
Union Pacific-Central Pacific
railroad, 448
Union Pacific Railroad, 449, 458f
Union Railroad Station, 459f
Unions.SeeLabor unions
Unitarians, 88
United Automobile Workers (UAW),
697, 798
United Farm Workers, 822f,
823, 826United Mine Workers (UMW),
570–571, 688, 716
United Nations (UN)
creation of, 732
Security Council, 732
United States(ship), 199
United States Steel, 467, 468m, 556,
574–575, 621, 697, 808–809
United States v. Butler, 695
United States v. E. C. Knight Company,
477, 477f, 545, 545f, 569
United States v. Richard M.
Nixon, 792
United War Work Council, 622–623
Universal Negro Improvement
Association, 657
University of California, Berkeley, 510
University of Chicago, 513
University of Michigan, 513, 513f
University of Missouri, 756
University of Oklahoma, 757
University of Pennsylvania, 88
University of Phoenix, 842
Unskilled workers, 331, 334,
487–488, 641
Upshur, Abel P., 299–300
Urban crime, 862
Urban gangs, 837
Urbanization
See alsoCities
in 1920s, 640–643, 645
disease and, 498–499
in late-nineteenth century, 557
problems of, in late nineteenth-
century, 497–500
Urban reform, city bosses and, 541
Urban riots, 777–778
Urban-rural conflicts
fundamentalism, 651–652
Prohibition, 652–653
Urban socialism, 560m
U.S.A.(Dos Passos), 692
U.S. Constitution, 143
amendments to, A8–A12, 154
compromises in, 147–149
framing of, 145–149
ideas shaping, 146
implied powers and, 156–157
Jackson and, 254, 254f
Marshall court and, 242
Missouri controversy and, 218
ratification of, 149–150, 151m,
152–153
text of, A3–A7
U.S. dollar, 1860, 531f
U.S.-Mexican border, 296
USSCole, 856
USSGreer, 707