Further Reading
Bennison, Amira K. The Great Caliphs: The Golden Age of the ‘Abbasid Empire. New Haven, CT, and
London: Yale University Press, 2009.
Benson, Bobrick. The Caliph’s Splendor: Islam and the West in the Gold Age of Baghdad. New York: Simon
and Schuster, 2012.
Berend, Nora, ed. Christianization and the Rise of Christian Monarchy: Scandinavia, Central Europe and
Rus’ c.900–1200. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
Collins, Samuel W. The Carolingian Debate over Sacred Space. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.
Cooperson, Michael. Al-Ma’mun. Oxford: Oneworld, 2005.
Costambeys, Marios, Matthew Innes, and Simon MacLean. The Carolingian World. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2011.
DeJong, Mayke. The Penitential State: Authority and Atonement in the Ages of Louis the Pious, 814–840.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
Fouracre, Paul. The Age of Charles Martel. Harlow, Essex: Longman, 2000.
Goldberg, Eric J. Struggle for Empire: Kingship and Conflict under Louis the German, 817–876. Ithaca,
NY: Cornell University Press, 2006.
Hallaq, Wael B. The Origins and Evolution of Islamic Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
Herrin, Judith. Women in Purple: Rulers of Medieval Byzantium. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press,
2002.
Kennedy, Philip F. Abu Nuwas: A Genius of Poetry. Oxford: Oneworld, 2005.
Levy, Kenneth. Gregorian Chant and the Carolingians. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998.
McCormick, Michael. Origins of the European Economy: Communications and Commerce, AD 300–900.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
McKitterick, Rosamond. Charlemagne: The Formation of a European Identity. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2008.
Nelson, Janet L. Charles the Bald. London: Longman, 1992.
———. The Frankish World, 750–900. London: Hambledon Press, 1996.
Sophoulis, Panos. Byzantium and Bulgaria, 775–831. Leiden: Brill, 2012.
Treadgold, Warren. The Byzantine Revival, 780–842. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1988.
Verhulst, Adriaan. The Carolingian Economy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Whittow, Mark. The Making of Byzantium, 600–1025. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996.
Wormald, Patrick, and Janet L. Nelson, eds. Lay Intellectuals in the Carolingian World. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2011.