Figure 6.15 A page from the Codex Badianus. p. 238
Figure 6.16 A page from an eighteenth-century “primordial title,” from
a Nahua village called Santa María Tetelpan, which was used
to help defend the village’s property in a land dispute. p. 247
Figure 7.1 Political divisions of Mexico and Central America shortly after Independence. p. 257
Figure 7.2 Spreading coffee beans for drying on a Guatemalan plantation
in the nineteenth century. p. 258
Figure 7.3 Painting of Benito Juárez, the great Liberal reformer of Mexico. p. 259
Figure 7.4 Justo Rufino Barrios, the Liberal strongman of Guatemala. p. 260
Figure 7.5 Mural painting of Miguel Hidalgo and his band of followers. p. 266
Figure 7.6 Porfirio Díaz, mestizo caudillo and liberal dictator of Mexico. p. 277
Figure 7.7 Rafael Carrera, conservative dictator of Guatemala. p. 278
Figure 7.8 Parade of local police and militia in the town center of Momostenango, 1968. p. 280
Figure 7.9 Drawing of the town layout at Chan Santa Cruz, the capital of the rebellious
Mayas of Yucatán. p. 285
Figure 7.10 Oil fields of Veracruz, Mexico, around the turn of the twentieth century. p. 292
Figure 7.11 Carts for transporting coffee from the Pacific coastal plantations
to the seaports in nineteenth-century Guatemala. p. 293
Figure 8.1 Map showing the states of modern Mexico and Central America;
also shown are places mentioned in the text. p. 298
Figure 8.2 Pancho Villa, leader of the revolutionary forces in northern Mexico. p. 299
Figure 8.3 Emiliano Zapata, leader of the peasant revolutionary forces
in southern Mexico. p. 300
Figure 8.4 Places and regions of action in the Mexican and Central American revolutions. p. 301
Figure 8.5 Zapatista revolutionaries fight the federal troops at Milpa Alta,
Federal District of Mexico. p. 304
Figure 8.6 Augusto Sandino, the Nicaraguan rebel. p. 307
Figure 8.7 Masks worn by Sandinistas during the 1978 insurrection
at Monimbó, Masaya, Nicaragua. p. 313
Figure 8.8 Demonstrators confront the Mexican army near the Plaza
of Three Cultures, Tlatelolco, Mexico, in 1968. p. 317
Figure 8.9 A maguey plant of the type found in the Mezquital area. p. 320
Figure 8.10 Followers of Pepe Figueres in the 1948 Costa Rican uprising. p. 324
Figure 8.11 Chamulan Indians carrying goods to the markets and shrines
in the town of San Cristóbal de Las Casas. p. 330
Figure 8.12 Artistic portrayal of Rigoberta Menchú, Nobel Laureate and
leader in the Guatemalan pan-Mayan movement. p. 341
Figure 9.1 A Kaqchikel Mayan farmer from Santa María de Jesús in his
milpa during harvest. p. 349
Figure 9.2 Day laborers in Chiapas Mexico. p. 352
Figure 9.3 Market scene in Tecpán, Guatemala. p. 364
Figure 9.4 Making necklaces for export to the United States. p. 367
Figure 9.5 Tourism marketplace in Antigua, Guatemala. p. 369
Figure 10.1 Photograph of the Zapatista Rally in 200l at the Zócalo, Mexico City. p. 390
Figure 10.2 Poster from the Zapatista-sponsored National Indigenous Forum, 1996. p. 396
Figure 10.3 A Zapatista serigraph that symbolizes the indigenous and
nationalist goals of the Movement. p. 405
Figure 11.1 Family trees of Mesoamerican languages. p. 408
Figure 11.2 Geographic distribution of Mesoamerican languages. p. 410
Figure 11.3 Arroyo Pesquero Celts. p. 429
LIST OF FIGURES xv