Writing Academic English 4th Edition

116 Partn IWritingan"Essall

D.

1.Departmentstores

2.

a.

b. Fastfoods

(1)

(2) McDonald'srestaurants

E.

l.

2.

ill.Conclusion

ComparisonandContrastSignalWords..

Thesecondkeytowritingsuccessfulcomparison/contrastessaysistheappropriate

useofcomparisonandcontrastsignalwords.Thesearewordsthatintroducepoints

ofcomparisonandpointsofcontrast.Itisnotsufficientsimplytodescribeeachitem

thatyouarecomparing.Youmustreferbackandforthto,forexample,JobXand

JobYandusecomparisonandcontrastsignalwordstoshowwhatisthesameand

'whatisdifferentaboutthem.Ofcourse,youshouldalsousetransitionsignalssuch

asfirst,second,one...,another...,thefinal...,forexample,andinconclusion

inadditiontothesespecialones.

Thefollowingchartlistssomeofthewordsandphrasesusedtodiscusssimilarities.

ComparisonSignalWords

I.. .. .". ......~"", .~~ ........ <(>i

similarly Humanworkerscandetectmalfunctionsinmachinery;similarlyllikewise,

likewise a robotcanbeprogrammedtodetectequipmentmalfunctions.

also Humanworkerscandetectmalfunctionsinmachinery;a robotcanalso.

too Humanworkerscandetectmalfunctionsinmachinery;a robotcantoo.

~ ,

....•. .:n...u. "" >

as Robotscandetectmalfunctionsinmachinery,as/justashumanworkerscan.

justas Note:Usea commawhenasandjustasshowcomparisonevenwhenthedependent

clausefollowstheindependentclauseasintheaboveexample.