Writing Academic English 4th Edition

,",'.,'CommunicationProblems

(2) Americansdifficulttounclerstand

useincompletesentences

unclearexpressions

Americanstalktoofast

useslangandidioms

(1) poorverbalskills

lackvocabulary

newlanguage

poorpronunciation

laokoonfidenoe

A. poorverbalskills

-lackvocabulary

-poorpronunciation

B. Americansdifficulttounderstand

-useincompletesentences

-useunclearexpressions

-talktoofast

-useslangandidioms

• 
  

  
  

  .'.

  
  

  
  

Finally,writea topicsentence.Thetopicis clearlycommunicationproblems.A pos-

sibletopicsentencemightbeasfollows.

OneproblemthatmanyinternationalstudentsfaceintheUnitedStatesis

communicationwithAmericans.

OR

InternationalstudentsintheUnitkdStatesfacecommunicationproblemswith

Americans.

CommunicationProblems

Thetwosublistsare(1)itemsthatdescribeinternationalstudents(poorverbal

skills)and(2)itemsthatdescribeAmericans(Americansdifficulttounderstand).

Newlanguageandlackconfidencedonotfitineithersublist,socrossthemout.The

remainingitemsfitunder1 or2.Nowyouhavecreateda roughoutline.

InStepl,youchosetopicsandnarrowedthem,andyougeneratedideasbybrain-

storming.InStep 2 ofthewlitingprocess,theplanningstage,youorganizetheideas

intoanoutline.

Tumbacktothemodelaboutcultureshockonpage267.Thewriterdeveloped

threedifferentlistsofideas:communicationproblems,classroomenvironment,and

Americanfamilylife.Imaginethatyouarethestudentandthatyourassignmentis

towritea singleparagraph.

Asa first steptowardmakinganoutline,dividetheideasinthecommunication

problemslistfurtherintosublistsandcrossoutanyitemsthatdonotbelongorthat

arenotuseable.'' '

AppendixA ITheProcessofAcademicWriting 211

Step2B:

Writing

tbeTopic

Sentence

RoughOutline

MODEL

Sublists

Step2}\:

Making

SubU§t§

TheWritingProcess,Step2:Planning(Outlining)