Writing Academic English 4th Edition

"_........ 22 Part 1 IWritingaParagraph

Therearefourwaystoachievecoherence:

1.Repeatkeynouns.

2.Use consistentpronouns.

3. Usetransitionsignalstolinkideas.
   4.Arrangeyourideasinlogicalorder.

Gold

1Gold,aprecIousmetal,isprizedfortwoimportantcharacteristics.2Firstofall,

goldhasa lustrous eautythatis resistanttocorrosion.3Therefore,it is suitablefor

jewelry,coins,an 'amentalpurposes.4Goldnevern(3edstobepolishedandwill

remainbeautifulf ,er.5Forexample,a Macedoniancoinremainsasuntarnished

todayasthedayit wasmade 25 centuriesago. 6 Anotherimportantcharacteristic

ofgoldis itsusefulnessto.industryandscience.7Formanyyears,it hasbeenusea~

inhundredsofindustrialapplications,suchasphotographyanddentistry.8The .'.

mostrecentuseofgoldis in astronauts'suits. 9 Astronautsweargold-platedheat

shieldsforproteCtionwhentheygooutsidespaceshipsinspace.10lnconclusion,

goldis treasurednotonlyforitsbeautybutalsoforitsutility.

Theeasiestwaytoachievecoherenceis torepeatkeynounsfrequentlyinyourpara-

graph.Readthemodelparagraphaboutgoldtoseehowit usesthistechniqueto

smooththeflowofsentences.Thekey nouninthisparagraphisgold.Circlethe

wordgoldandallpronounsthatrefertoit.

MODEl.:. ..

Paragraph

withCoherence

Repetition

ofKe!lNoun§

Youshouldhavecircledthenoungoldseventimes,thepronounittwice,andthe

pronounitsthreetimes.(Theworditinsentence5 referstocoin,notgold,soyou

shouldnothavecircledit.)

Thereis nofixedruleabouthowoftentorepeatkeynounsorwhentosubstitute

pronouns.Youshouldrepeata keynouninsteadofusinga pronounwhenthemean-

ingis notclear.

Throughoutthefollowingparagraph,thewordgoldhasbeenreplacedbypro-

nouns,makingtheparagraphmuchlesscoherent.

MODEI5 : ..

Paragraph

without

Coherence

Gold

Gold,a preciousmetal,is prizedfortwoimportantcharacteristics.Firstof

all,ithasa lustrousbeautythatis resistanttocorrosion.Therefore,it is suitable

forjewelry,coins,andornamentalpurposes.It neverneedstobepolishedand

willremainbeautifulforever.Forexample,a Macedoniancoinremainsas

untarnishedtodayasthedayitwasmade 25 centuriesago.Anotherofits

importantcharacteristicsisitsusefulnesstoindustryandscience.Formany

years,it hasbeenusedinhundredsofindustrialapplications,suchas

photographyanddentistry.Itsmostrecentuseis inastronauts'suits.Astronauts

wearheatshieldsmadefromitforprotectionwhentheygooutsidespaceships

inspace.Inconclusion,itis treasurednotonlyforitsbeautybutalsoforits

utility.