Chapter 4 IFromParagraphtoEssay 11C. Addtransitionwords,phrases,orclausestothetopicsentencesofthe
paragraphsinthisessay.Rewritethetopicsentencesif necessary.
MedicineandEthics^6
Recentadvancesin thefieldsofmedicineandbiotechnologyhavebrought
aboutsituationsthatcouldscarcelybeimaginedonlya generationago.Battery-
operatedplasticheartscanbeimplantedint0^7 people.Peoplecanbekeptalive
indefinitelybymachines.Exactduplicatesofanimalscanbemade.Whilesuch
scientificachievementsmayultimatelybenefithumankind,theyhavealso
createdcomplexlegalandethicalissues.
2 involvesdoctors'abilitytointervenein
humanreproduction.A well-knownexampleis thecaseofBabyM.A manpaid
a womantobeara childforhimandhiswife,whocouldnothavechildren.They
signeda contract,butafterthebabywasborn,thewomanwantedtokeepthe
baby.Thefathersaidthebabywashis,butthewomansaidit washers.Ittook
thecourtsmanymonthstodecidewhowasright.
3 anotherethicaldilemmaShasarisen
becausedoctorsarenowabletokeeppeoplewhoareincomas^9 alivefor
yearsbyattachingtheirbodiestomachines.Thisgivesgreatpowerandgreat
responsibilitytothepeoplewhocontrolthemachines.Asa resultofthispower,
societyhashadtodevelopa newdefinitionofdeath.Howdoesa persondecide
whetheranotherpersonwhoseheartcannotbeatonitsownandwhoselungs
arepumpedbya machineis stillaliveornot?
4 theabilityofbiotechnologiststoproduce
newformsoflifeintheirlaboratoriesis anotherareawithprofoundlOethical
consequences.Isn'ta scientistwhocreates,forexample,a new bacterium
"playingGod"?Furthermore,is it evensafetointroducenewlifeformsinto
Earth'satmosphere?Istherea riskthatsuchlifeformscouldgetoutof
control?Somepeoplefearso.
5 scientistsarenowabletoduplicateliving
organisms,cellbycell,througha processcalledcloning.Recently,theworldwas
stunnedbythesuccessfulcloningofa humanembryo.Shouldbiotechnologists
beallowedtoclone people?Whoshouldcontrolhumancloning?
6 revolutions-politicalortechnological-
causeupheavall!andforcechange.Ournewabilitytocreateandprolonglifeis
raisingquestionsandforcingchangesinourveryconceptoflife,anissueinvolving
notonlylegalbutalsoprofoundmoralconsiderations.6 ethics:thestudyofrightandwrong
7implantedinto:putinto
sdilemma:difficultproblem
9comas:statesofunconsciousness(beingunabletosee,hear,orspeak)
lOprofound:important;serious
I Iupheaval:socialdisturbance