Dance Anatomy & Kinesiology

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TABLE 8.7 Anatomical Analysis of a Forward Leap (Grand Jeté en Avant)

Movement phases

and selected joints Joint movements Contraction type Prime movers: muscle group (sample muscles)

Preparation phase: A

Right hip Hip flexion Eccentric Hip extensors (hamstrings, gluteus maximus)

Right knee Knee flexion Eccentric Knee extensors (quadriceps femoris)

Right ankle-foot A-F dorsiflexion Eccentric and passive

as body moves

forward over foot

A-F plantar flexors (gastrocnemius, soleus)

Takeoff phase: A to just before B

Right hip Hip extension Concentric Hip extensors (hamstrings, gluteus maximus)

Right knee Knee extension Concentric Knee extensors (quadriceps femoris)

Right ankle-foot A-F plantar flexion Concentric A-F plantar flexors (gastrocnemius, soleus)

Left hip Hip flexion Concentric Hip flexors (iliopsoas, rectus femoris)

Left knee Knee extension Isometric Knee extensors (quadriceps femoris)

Left ankle-foot A-F plantar flexion Concentric A-F plantar flexors (gastrocnemius, soleus)

Right shoulder Shoulder flexion Concentric Shoulder flexors (anterior deltoid, pectoralis major)

Left shoulder Shoulder abduction Concentric Shoulder abductors (middle deltoid, supraspinatus)

Flight phase: just before B to D

Right hip Hip extension Concentric Hip extensors (hamstrings, gluteus maximus)

Right knee (Knee extension

maintained)

Isometric Knee extensors (quadriceps femoris)

Right ankle-foot A-F plantar flexion Concentric A-F plantar flexors (gastrocnemius, soleus)

Left hip Hip flexion Concentric Hip flexors (iliopsoas, rectus femoris)

Left knee (Knee extension

maintained)

Isometric Knee extensors (quadriceps femoris)

Left ankle-foot (A-F plantar flexion

maintained)

Isometric A-F plantar flexors (gastrocnemius, soleus)