References and Resources 513Hall, S.J. (1999). Basic biomechanics. Boston: McGraw-Hill.
Hall-Craggs, E.C.B. (1985). Anatomy as a basis for clinical medi-
cine. Baltimore: Urban & Schwarzenberg.
Hamill, J., and Knutzen, K. (1995). Biomechanical basis of human
movement. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Hamilton, L., Hamilton, W., Warren, M., Keller, K., and
Molnar, M. (1997). Factors contributing to the attrition
rate in elite ballet students. Journal of Dance Medicine and
Science, 1(4): 131-138.
Hamilton, W., Hamilton, L., Marshall, P., and Molnar, M.
(1992). A profile of the musculoskeletal characteristics of
elite professional ballet dancers. American Journal of Sports
Medicine, 20(3): 267-273.
Hewett, T., Riccobene, J., Lindenfeld, T., and Noyes, E. (1999).
The effect of neuromuscular training on the incidence of
knee injury in female athletes: A prospective study. Ameri-
can Journal of Sports Medicine, 27(6): 699-706.
Hopkins, J., Ingersoll, C., Krause, B., Edwards, J., and Cordova,
M. (2001). Effect of knee joint effusion on quadriceps and
soleus motoneuron pool excitability. Medicine and Science
in Sports and Exercise, 33(1): 123-126.
Hungerford, D., and Barry, M. (1979). Biomechanics of the
patellofemoral joint. Clinical Orthopaedics, 144: 9-15.
Hurley, M., Jones, D., and Newham, D. (1994). Arthrogenic
quadriceps inhibition and rehabilitation of patients with
extensive traumatic knee injuries. Clinical Science, 86:
305-310.
Insall, J., Bullough, P., and Burstein, A. (1979). Proximal
“tube” realignment of the patella for chondromalacia
patella. Clinics in Orthopaedics and Related Research, 144:
63-69.
Ireland, M. (2000). Proprioception and neuromuscular con-
trol related to the female athlete. In S. Lephart and F. Fu
(eds.), Proprioception and neuromuscular control in joint stability
(pp. 291-297). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Irrgang, J. (1993). Modern trends in anterior cruciate liga-
ment rehabilitation: Nonoperative and postoperative man-
agement. Clinics in Sports Medicine, 12(4): 797-813.
Irrgang, J., and Neri, R. (2000). The rationale for open and
closed kinematic chain activities for restoration of pro-
prioception and neuromuscular control following injury.
In S. Lephart and F. Fu (eds.), Proprioception and neuromus-
cular control in joint stability (pp. 363-374). Champaign, IL:
Human Kinetics.
Jenkinson, D., and Bolin, D. (2001). Knee overuse injuries in
dance. Journal of Dance Medicine and Science, 5(1): 16-20.
Kennedy, J., Alexander, I., and Hayes, K. (1982). Nerve supply
of the human knee and the functional importance. Ameri-
can Journal of Sports Medicine, 10(6): 329-335.
Khan, K., Brown, J., Way, S., Vass, N., Crichton, K., Alexan-
der, R., Baxter, A., Butler, M., and Wark, J. (1995). Ove-
ruse injuries in classical ballet. Sports Medicine, 19(5):
341-357.
Khan, K., Roberts, P., Nattrass, C., Bennell, K., Mayes, W., Way,
S., Brown, J., McMeeken, J., and Wark, J. (1997). Hip and
ankle range of motion in elite classical ballet dancers and
controls. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 7: 181-187.
Kirkendall, D., Bergfeld, J., Calabrese, L., Lombardo, J.,
Street, G., and Weiker, G. (1984). Isokinetic characteristics
of ballet dancers and the response to a season of ballet
training. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy,
5(4): 207-211.
Koutedakis, Y., Agrawal, A., and Sharp, C. (1998). Isokinematic
characteristics of knee flexors and extensors in male danc-
ers, Olympic oarsmen, Olympic bobsleighers, and non-ath-
letes. Journal of Dance Medicine and Science, 2(2): 63-67.
Koutedakis, Y., Khaloula, M., Pacy, P., Murphy, M., and Dunbar,
G. (1997). Thigh peak torques and lower-body injuries in
dancers. Journal of Dance Medicine and Science, 1(1): 12-15.
Kreighbaum, E., and Barthels, K. (1996). Biomechanics: A
qualitative approach for studying human movement. 4th ed.
Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Levangie, P., and Norkin, C. (2001). Joint structure and function.
Philadelphia: Davis.
Lieb, F., and Perry, J. (1968). Quadriceps functions. Journal of
Bone and Joint Surgery, 50A: 1535-1538.
Liederbach, M., and Dilgen, F. (1998). A descriptive study of
the mechanics and outcome of anterior cruciate ligament
injuries in dancers (abstract). Journal of Dance Medicine and
Science, 2(4): 153.
Lombard, W.P., and Abbott, F.M. (1907). The mechanical effects
produced by the contraction of individual muscles of the
thigh of the frog. American Journal of Physiology, 20: 1-60.
Loosli, A., and Herold, D. (1992). Knee rehabilitation for
dancers using a Pilates-based technique. Kinesiology and
Medicine for Dance, 14(2): 1-12.
Luke, A., and Micheli, L. (2000). Management of injuries in
the young dancer. Journal of Dance Medicine and Science,
4(1): 6-15.
Magee, D. (1997). Orthopedic physical assessment. Philadelphia:
Saunders.
Mercier, L.R. (1995). Practical orthopedics. 4th ed. St. Louis:
Mosby.
Micheli, L. (1987). The traction apophysitises. Clinics in Sports
Medicine, 6(2): 389-404.
Molnar, M., and Esterson, J. (1997). Screening students in a
pre-professional ballet school. Journal of Dance Medicine and
Science, 1(3): 118-121.
Mostardi, R. (1986). Musculoskeletal and cardiopulmonary
evaluation of professional ballet dancers. In C. Shell (ed.),
The dancer as athlete: The 1984 Olympic Scientific Congress
proceedings (vol. 8, pp. 101-107). Champaign, IL: Human
Kinetics.
Mostardi, R., Porterfield, J., Greenberg, B., Goldberg, B., and
Lea, M. (1983). Musculoskeletal and cardiopulmonary
characteristics of the professional ballet dancer. The Physi-
cian and Sportsmedicine, 11(12): 53-61.
Palmer, L.P., and Epler, M.E. (1990). Clinical assessment proce-
dures in physical therapy. Philadelphia: Lippincott.
Perrin, D., and Shultz, S. (2000). Models for clinical research
involving proprioception and neuromuscular control. In
S. Lephart and F. Fu (eds.), Proprioception and neuromuscu-
lar control in joint stability (pp. 349-362). Champaign, IL:
Human Kinetics.
Perry, J., Antonelli, D., and Ford, W. (1975). Analysis of knee-
joint forces during flexed knee stance. Journal of Bone and
Joint Surgery, 57A(7): 961-967.
Poggini, L., Losasso, S., and Iannone, S. (1999). Injuries
during the dancer’s growth spurt: Etiology, prevention,
and treatment. Journal of Dance Medicine and Science, 3(2):
73-79.
Powers, C., Shellock, F., Beering, T., Garrido, D., Goldbach,
R., and Molnar, T. (1999). Effect of bracing on patellar