Art Credits
Figure
1-1
Cartography by  Bill    Nelson.1-2a Bibliothèque   Municipale, Épernay.    Bridgeman   Art Library.
1-2b cliché Bibliothèque    nationale   de  France.
1-3 Cartography by  Bill    Nelson.1-4aSt. Gallen, Switzerland,    Stiftsbibliothek,   MS  St. Gall    359.    From    Willi   Apel,   Gregorian   Chant,
Bloomington:    Indiana University  Press,  1958,   plate   1   facing  p.  122.    By  permission  of  Indiana
University  Press.
1-4b Bibliothèque   municipale  de  Chartres.
1-4c By permission  of  the British Library,    Egerton 857.
1-5 From    Rudolf  Kittel, Liber   Genesis.    Leipzig:    J.  C.  Hinrichs,   1909.
1-6 Alphabetic  notation    adapted from    Musica  enchiriadis.1-7 Foundations.Music   Division,   The New York    Public  Library for the Performing  Arts,   Astor,  Lenox   and Tilden1-8 Bayerische  Staatsbibliothek    München,    Musikabteilung, Clm 2599,   fol.    96v.
1-9 British Museum, London, ©   Erich   Lessing/Art Resource,   NY.
1-10 Metropolitan   Museum  of  Art,    Fletcher    Fund,   1956    (56.171.38).
2-1 Staatsarchiv    des Kantons Zurich, StaZ    W   1   3,  19  XXXV    fol.    56r.
2-2a Staatsbibliothek   Bamberg,    Msc.    Var.    1   fol.    64.
2-2b cliché Bibliothéque    nationale   de  France.
2-3 Sevilla,    MS  56-5-1, fol.    2,  akg-images.
2-4 Louvre, Paris,  ©   Réunion des Musées  Nationaux/Art   Resource,   NY.
3-1 Bibliothéque    Municipale, Avranches,  ©   Snark/Art   Resource,   NY.3-2 i   Beni    e   le  Attivitá    Culturali.  E’vietata   ogni    ulteriore   riproduzione    con qualsiasi   mezzo.Firenze,  Biblioteca  Medicea Laurenziana ms. Plut.   29.1,   cc. 1v. Su  concessione del Ministero   per3-3 J.  F.  Neyts,  Musée   des Beaux-Arts, Valenciennes,   ©   Erich   Lessing/Art Resource,   NY.
3-4 ©   Erich   Lessing/Art Resource,   NY.
3-5 Bildarchiv  d.  ÖNB,    Wien.
3-6 Bayerische  Staatsbibliothek    München,    Musikabteilung, MS  Clm 9599,   fol.    97.
4-1 Biblioteca  Nazionale,  Florence,   BR  217,    fol.    58r,    ©   Scala/Art   Resource,   NY.
4-2 cliché  Bibliothèque    nationale   de  France.
4-3 Cartography by  Bill    Nelson.
4-4a Fontevrault,   ©   Erich   Lessing/Art Resource,   NY.
4-4b Fontevrault,   ©   Erich   Lessing/Art Resource,   NY.