exPreSSiNG CaUSe aNd eFFeCt or reaSoN aNd reSUlt
44.2However, the 因为/因為 yīnwei clause may occur either first or second in the sentence. As the
sentences above illustrate, when 因为/因為 yīnwei occurs in the second clause, 所以 suǒyǐ
cannot be included in the first clause.他会说中国话，因为他是中国人。
他會說中國話，因為他是中國人。
Tā huì shuō Zhōngguó huà, yīnwei tā shì Zhōngguó rén.
He can speak Chinese because he is Chinese.王先生请假了，因为他有事。
王先生請假了，因為他有事。
Wáng xiānsheng qǐng jià le, yīnwei tā yǒu shì.
Mr. Wang asked for time off because he had a matter (to attend to).44.1.3 omission of the connecting words
Although you can include 因为/因為 yīnwei and 所以 suǒyǐ in the same sentence, it is often
possible to have only 因为/因為 yīnwei or only 所以 suǒyǐ in a cause and effect sentence.所以 suǒyǐ and not 因为/因為 yīnwei我最近很忙，所以没给你打电话。
我最近很忙，所以沒給你打電話。
Wǒ zuì jìn hěn máng, suǒyǐ méi gěi nǐ dǎ diànhuà.
I have been very busy recently, so I haven’t called you.因为/因為 yīnwei and not 所以 suǒyǐ他因为病了，没来上课。
他因為病了，沒來上課。
Tā yīnwei bìng le, méi lái shàng kè.
Because he was sick, he didn’t come to class.44.2 Introducing the cause or reason
The following expressions introduce a cause or reason for some situation.因为 (noun phrase) 的关系,...
因為 (noun phrase) 的關係,...
yīnwei (noun phrase) de guānxi,...
because of/due to (noun phrase),...因为他朋友的关系，汽车的价格减少了。
因為他朋友的關係，汽車的價格減少了。
Yīnwei tā péngyou de guānxi, qìchē de jiàgé jiǎnshǎo le.
Because of his friend, the price of the car was reduced.(noun phrase)(之)所以 situation 1 , 是因为 situation 2
(noun phrase)(之)所以 situation 1 , 是因為 situation 2
(noun phrase)(zhī) suǒyǐ situation 1 , shì yīnwei situation 2
(nouns phrase’s) reason for situation 1 is situation 2有些人之所以对工作不认真，是因为缺乏责任感。
有些人之所以對工作不認真，是因為缺乏責任感。
Yǒu xiē rén zhī suǒyǐ duì gōngzuò bù rènzhēn, shì yīnwei quēfá zérèngǎn.
The reason why some people don’t work conscientiously is because they lack a sense
of responsibility.