introducing the cause or reason
44.2
我之所以不去美国，是因为身体不好。
我之所以不去美國，是因為身體不好。
Wǒ zhī suǒyǐ bù qù Měiguó, shì yīnwei shēntǐ bù hǎo.
The reason why I am not going to America is that my health isn’t good.由于/由於 (situation)
yóu yú (situation)
owing to, due to, because of, as a result of (situation)
由于/由於 yóu yú may be placed before or after the subject.
由于我的粗心大意，这次考试的成绩不好。
由於我的粗心大意，這次考試的成績不好。
Yóuyú wǒ de cūxīn dàyì, zhè cì kǎoshì de chéngjī bù hǎo.
Because of my carelessness, my grade on this exam was not good.他由于不了解情况，造成了一个大错误。
他由於不瞭解情況，造成了一個大錯誤。
Tā yóuyú bù liáojiě qíngkuàng, zàochéng le yī gè dà cuòwù.
Because he did not understand the situation, he made a big mistake.The inclusion of 所以 suǒyǐ ‘therefore,’ or 因而 yīn’ér ‘therefore,’ etc., makes the relationship
between cause and effect or reason and result clearer.
由于/由於 (situation 1 ), 所以 (situation 2 )
yóu yú (situation 1 ), suǒyǐ (situation 2 )
or
由于/由於 (situation 1 ), 因而 (situation 2 )
yóu yú (situation 1 ), yīn’ér (situation 2 )
due to/because of (situation 1 ), therefore (situation 2 )
由于买不到票，所以我们上不了火车。
由於買不到票，所以我們上不了火車。
Yóuyú mǎibudào piào, suǒyǐ wǒmen shàngbuliǎo huǒchē.
Because we could not get tickets, we couldn’t get on the train.由于各自坚持自己的意见，因而无法达成协议。
由於各自堅持自己的意見，因而無法達成協議。
Yóuyú gèzì jiānchí zìjǐ de yìjiàn, yīn’ér wú fǎ dáchéng xiéyì.
Owing to the fact that everyone held onto his own opinion, there was no way to reach
an agreement.The result may be stated first in the sentence. The reason is then introduced with 由于/由於
yóu yú. 由于/由於 yóu yú must be preceded by 是 shì:
(situation 2 ) 是由于/由於 (situation 1 )
(situation 2 ) shì yóu yú (situation 1 )
situation 2 is because of situation 1
碰到一点儿困难就退缩，这都是由于你缺乏信心。
碰到一點兒困難就退縮，這都是由於你缺乏信心。
Pèngdào yīdiǎr kùnnan jiù tuìsuō, zhè dōu shì yóuyú nǐ quēfá xìnxīn.
(If) you retreat when you meet a little difficulty, this is because of your lack of
confidence.