‘Both,’ ‘all,’ ‘eVery,’ ‘aNy,’ ‘NoNe,’ ‘Not aNy,’ aNd ‘No matter hoW’ 46.3
46.2 Expressing ‘none’
Mandarin does not have a single word for ‘none.’ Instead, ‘none’ is expressed as:
都 dōu + negation
‘all not’ = ‘none’孩子都不愿意睡觉。
孩子都不願意睡覺。
Háizi dōu bù yuànyi shuì jiào.
The children are all not willing to sleep. = None of the children is willing to sleep.我的朋友都没上过大学。
我的朋友都沒上過大學。
Wǒ de péngyou dōu méi shàngguo dàxué.
All of my friends have not attended college. = None of my friends has attended
college.46.3 Expressing ‘every’
46.3.1 expressing ‘every’ with 每 mGi
每 měi + number + classifier (+ noun)
every + number + classifier (+ noun)
If the number is ‘one,’ it is usually omitted.那些书，每(一)本都很贵。
那些書，每(一)本都很貴。
Nà xiē shū, měi (yī) běn dōu hěn guì.
Those books, every volume is expensive.每(一)个学生都考得很好。
每(一)個學生都考得很好。
Měi (yī) gè xuésheng dōu kǎo de hěn hǎo.
Every student did well on the exam.我每天都上课。
我每天都上課。
Wǒ měitiān dōu shàng kè.
I attend class every day.你每两天可以借一本书。
你每兩天可以借一本書。
Nǐ měi liǎng tiān kěyǐ jiè yī běn shū.
Every two days you can borrow one book.C35.146.3.2 expressing ‘every’ with double negatives
没有/沒有 méi yǒu + noun phrase + negation
‘there is no noun phrase that is not’ = ‘every noun phrase’没有人不喜欢她。
沒有人不喜歡她。
Méi yǒu rén bù xǐhuan tā.
There is no one who doesn’t like her. = Everyone likes her.