jiàn 渐 TRAD 漸 ADV same as 渐渐 jiànjiàn
jiànjiàn 渐渐 ADV gradually, by and by ■ 他渐渐 习惯了那里的生活。Tā jiànjiàn xíguànle nàli de
shēnghuó. He gradually grew accustomed to the life there.
jiàn 践 TRAD 踐 V trample
jiàntà 践踏 [comp: 践 trample + 踏 step on] V trample 践踏公民权利 jiàntà gōngmín quánlì trample civil
rights
jiàn 溅 TRAD 濺 V splash, spatter
jiàn 鉴 TRAD 鑒 N mirror 以史为鉴 yǐ shǐ wéi jiàn take history as a mirror (→ learn from history)
jiànbié 鉴别 V distinguish, discern 鉴别古画 jiànbié gǔ huà appraise an ancient painting, study an ancient
painting to determine its authenticity and/or value
jiàndìng 鉴定 V & N 1 appraise; appraisal 2 determine the authencity, quality, etc.
jiànyú 鉴于 PREP in view of, considering
jiàn 箭 N arrow ■ 你会射箭吗？Nǐ huì shè jiàn ma? Do you know how to shoot an arrow?
jiàn 间 TRAD 間 V separate
jiàndié 间谍 N spy 间谍活动 jiàndié huódòng espionage
jiàngé 间隔 [comp: 间 separate + 隔 separate] V & n separate, cut off, isolate; interval, intermission,
space between
jiànjiē 间接 ADJ indirect
jiàn 剑 TRAD 劍 N sword, sabre (把 bǎ)
jiāng 江 N river (条 tiáo) ■ 这条江从西向东 流。Zhè tiáo jiāng cóng xī xiàng dōng liú. This river
flows from west to east. ■ 你能游过江吗？Nǐ néng yóuguo jiāng ma? Can you swim across the
river?
NOTE: The most famous 江 jiāng in China is 长江 Chángjiāng, the longest river in China. 长江 Chángjiāng,
which literally means the long river, is also known as the Yangtze River. See note on 河 hé.
jiāng 将¹ TRAD 將 PREP same as 把 bǎ. Only used in writing.
jiāng 将² TRAD 將 ADV will, shall, be going to, be about to ■ 张部长将在下周二出席会议，并发表 重要
讲话。Zhāng bùzhǎng jiāng zài xià zhōuèr chūxí huìyì, bìng fābiǎo zhòngyào jiǎnghuà. Minis-
ter Zhang will attend the conference next Tuesday and deliver an important speech.
jiāngjìn 将近 ADV be close to, near
jiāngjiu 将就 V make do with, put up with
jiāngjūn 将军 N (armed forces) general
jiānglái 将来 [modif: 将 shall, will + 来 come] N future ■ 我现在看不懂中文报纸，将来一定看得
懂。Wǒ xiànzài kàn bu dǒng Zhōngwén bàozhǐ, jiānglái yídìng kàn de dǒng. I can’t read Chinese
newspapers now, but I’ll certainly be able to in the future. ■ 将来的世界会怎么样? 谁也不知
道。 Jiānglái de shìjiè huì zěnmeyàng? Shéi yě bù zhīdào. What will the world be like in the
future? Nobody knows.
jiāngyào 将要 ADV same as 将² jiāng ADV
jiāng 僵 ADJ stiff and numb, deadlocked 冻僵 dòngjiāng frozen stiff
jiāngyìng 僵硬 ADJ 1 (of limbs) stiff, stark 2 rigid, inflexible
jiāng 疆 N boundary, border (See biānjiāng 边疆.)
jiǎng 讲 TRAD 講 V talk ■ 别讲了，这些事我知道。 Bié jiǎng le, zhè xiē shì wǒ zhīdào. Say no more. I
know all about these matters. ■ 他讲得多，做得 少。Tā jiǎng de duō, zuò de shǎo. He talks a
lot but does little. 讲道理 jiǎng dàolǐ See dàolǐ 道理. / 讲故事 jiǎng gùshi See gùshi 故事.
jiǎnghuà 讲话 [comp: 讲 speak + 话 speak] N speech, talk ■ 我的讲话只是代表我个人的意见， 不代
表公司立场。Wǒ de jiǎnghuà zhǐshì dàibiǎo wǒ gèrén de yìjiàn, bú dàibiǎo gōngsī lìchǎng. My
talk expresses only my personal opinion, and does not reflect the stand of the company.
jiǎngjiu 讲究 I V be particular about, pay much attention to ■ 她十分讲究穿着。Tā shífēn jiǎngjiu
chuānzhuó. She pays much attention to clothes. II ADJ exquisite, of very high standard 做工讲究