types of informative speeches 15.2 323
I. The id is a fundamental element of our personality that is present at birth.
A. The id seeks pleasure and avoids pain by serving as a source of our
needs and desires.
B. The id is where our basic instincts for survival reside.
C. The id seeks to meet our biological needs including food and sex.
II. The ego helps us adapt to reality.
A. The ego mediates between the needs of the id and the reality of
what is happening around us.
B. Our ego regulates our judgment, tolerance, control, and planning
for the future.
C. The ego uses defense mechanisms to help us manage the tension
created by the id.
III. The superego is influenced by what we have been taught by our
parents, including the cultural norms of society.
A. The superego is influenced by what we have been taught by our
parents, including the cultural norms of society.
B. The superego serves as our conscience.
C. The superego is where our sense of right and wrong resides.
Table 15.1 reviews the five types of speeches we’ve discussed.Table 15.1 types of informative speeches
Subject
PurposeTypical Organizational
Patterns
Sample Topics
Objects Present information about
tangible thingsTopical
Spatial
ChronologicalThe Rosetta Stone
Museums
The Mars Rover
Voting machines
Procedures Review how something works
or describe a processChronological
Topical
ComplexityHow to...
Use a smartphone app to help you lose weight
Operate a nuclear-power plant
Buy a quality used car
Trap lobsters
People Describe famous people or
personal acquaintancesChronological
TopicalSojourner Truth
Nelson Mandela
J. R. R. Tolkien
Your grandmother
Your favorite teacher
Events Describe an event that either
has happened or will happenChronological
Topical
SpatialMay Day in Oxford, England
Inauguration Day
Cinco de Mayo
Ideas Present abstract information or
discuss principles, concepts,
theories, or issuesTopical
ComplexityCommunism
Immigration
Buddhism
ReincarnationCopyrighted by pearson education, Upper saddle river, nJ