Encyclopedia of the Solar System 2nd ed

760 Encyclopedia of the Solar System FIGURE 21 Spin state of asteroid 4179 Toutatis derived from radar. The axes with no arrow t ...

Planetary Radar 761 FIGURE 23 Several-hour delay–Doppler time exposures of radar echoes from binary asteroid 66391 (1999 KW4). D ...

762 Encyclopedia of the Solar System FIGURE 24 Arecibo OC and SC echo spectra obtained for comet IRAS–Araki–Alcock, truncated at ...

Planetary Radar 763 FIGURE 26 CassiniRADAR (2.2-cm, SL) images of Titan. The bright, rough region on the left side of the image ...

764 Encyclopedia of the Solar System radar sounder to probe many kilometers below that object’s fractured crust using meter- to ...

100-C 25-C 50-C 75-C C+M 50-C+M C+Y 50-C+Y M+Y 50-M+Y 100-M 25-M 50-M 75-M 100-Y 25-Y 50-Y 75-Y 100-K 25-K 25-19-19 50-K50-40-40 ...

766 Encyclopedia of the Solar System Measuring the ratio of the volatile element K to the refractory element Th to determine th ...

Remote Chemical Sensing Using Nuclear Spectroscopy 767 FIGURE 1 Overview of the production of gamma rays and neutrons by cosmic ...

FIGURE 2 The variation of neutron counting rates (with units of hundreds of counts per hour) measured at McMurdo Station in Anta ...

Remote Chemical Sensing Using Nuclear Spectroscopy 769 FIGURE 4 (a) Model of the martian surface at high latitudes; (b) The curr ...

770 Encyclopedia of the Solar System such as pions that have very short half-lives. For dense at- mospheres, these particles int ...

Remote Chemical Sensing Using Nuclear Spectroscopy 771 FIGURE 5 The current of gamma rays leaking away from the Moon for a compo ...

772 Encyclopedia of the Solar System wherehis the orbital altitude andRis the radius. The frac- tional solid angle varies from 1 ...

Remote Chemical Sensing Using Nuclear Spectroscopy 773 FIGURE 6 (a) Schematic diagram of a coaxial HPGe spectrometer and gamma r ...

774 Encyclopedia of the Solar System FIGURE 7 Gamma ray spectra acquired by HPGe (black) and BGO (red) spectrometers. To improve ...

Remote Chemical Sensing Using Nuclear Spectroscopy 775 (^10) B. This characteristic, double-pulse time signature can be used to ...

TABLE 1 Summary of orbital planetary science and exploration missions with gamma ray and/or neutron spectrometers. Missions prio ...

2001 Mars Odyssey U.S., NASA MarsExplorationProgram 7-Apr-2001 Completed primarymission;extendedmissionunderway Mars 400 km alti ...

778 Encyclopedia of the Solar System Mars, respectively. Highlights of the science carried out on these missions are presented a ...

Remote Chemical Sensing Using Nuclear Spectroscopy 779 FIGURE 9 Lunar Prospector gamma ray spectrum for a 20◦ equal-area pixel i ...