Encyclopedia of the Solar System 2nd ed

60 Encyclopedia of the Solar System 5.3 The Discovery of Uranus On 13 March 1781, William Herschel (1738–1822), whilst looking f ...

A History of Solar System Studies 61 that the Sun was gaseous. In the same year, Carrington and Hodgson independently observed t ...

62 Encyclopedia of the Solar System After breakup, tidal forces had caused the Earth’s spin rate to slow down and the Moon’s orb ...

A History of Solar System Studies 63 6.8 Jupiter The Great Red Spot (GRS) was first clearly observed in the 1870s. Then in 1880 ...

64 Encyclopedia of the Solar System to deviate more and more from even this orbit. One possi- ble explanation was that Uranus wa ...

A History of Solar System Studies 65 FIGURE 7 Paths of the Leonid meteors showing their apparent origin from a common radiant du ...

66 Encyclopedia of the Solar System line. Because no known element generated the required line, it was attributed to a new eleme ...

A History of Solar System Studies 67 that the Moon may be covered with dust up to a few meters deep. If this was so, it would ha ...

68 Encyclopedia of the Solar System typically in the range of 60 to 90 km/h when the clouds first formed. 7.7 Internal Structure ...

A History of Solar System Studies 69 he concluded that they were an optical illusion. It is unclear whether any of these observa ...

70 Encyclopedia of the Solar System that of the Earth than Eros. Then, just 6 weeks later, the first asteroid, now called Apollo ...

100-C 25-C 50-C 75-C C+M 50-C+M C+Y 50-C+Y M+Y 50-M+Y 100-M 25-M 50-M 75-M 100-Y 25-Y 50-Y 75-Y 100-K 25-K 25-19-19 50-K50-40-40 ...

72 Encyclopedia of the Solar System TABLE 1 Basic Physical Properties of the Sun Physical Parameter Numerical Value Solar radius ...

The Sun 73 10 -3 A 10 -2 A 10 -1 A 1 A 10 A 10 2 A 10 3 A 1 ∝m 10 ∝m 10 2 ∝m 1 mm 1 cm 10 cm 1 m 10 m 10 21 Hz 10 20 Hz 10 19 Hz ...

74 Encyclopedia of the Solar System (helioseismology); and (3) by the neutrino flux, which now constrains for the first time ele ...

The Sun 75 2.4 Helioseismology In the decade of 1960–1970, global oscillations were dis- covered on the solar surface in visible ...

76 Encyclopedia of the Solar System however, local deviations of the sound speed can also be detected beneath sunspots and activ ...

The Sun 77 FIGURE 4 (Left) Numerical simulation of cellular convection at the solar surface, performed by Fausto Cattaneo and An ...

78 Encyclopedia of the Solar System 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 DATE AVERAGE DAIL ...

The Sun 79 FIGURE 6 Cartoon of geometric concepts of the solar chromosphere, transition region, and corona: gravitationally stra ...