Loeb Classical Library. Augustus' own Res Gestae Divi Augusti can be consulted in the excellent
edition, with translation and commentary, by P. A. Brunt and J. M. Moore (1967). A selection of the
most important epigraphical evidence is to be found (untranslated) in Ehrenberg and Jones, Documents
Illustrating the Reigns of Augustus and Tiberius (2nd edn. repr, with addenda, Oxford, 1976) and E. M.
Smallwood, Documents Illustrating the Principates of Gains, Claudius and Nero (Cambridge, 1967).
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Pre-eminent place must be given to the two great works of Sir Ronald Syme: The Roman Revolution
(Oxford, 1939) and Tacitus (2 vols., Oxford 1958); and mention should also be made of his History in
Ovid (Oxford, 1978). The Cambridge Ancient History devotes the whole of its tenth volume (1934) to
this period (44 B.C.-A.D. 70). The later chapters of H. H. Scullard, From the Gracchi to Nero (5th edn.,
1982) constitute the best and most reliable concise treatment of the years down to A.D. 68. On a slightly
larger scale, A. Garzetti, From Tiberius to the Antonines trans. J. R. Foster (London, 1974), is to be
commended. T. Rice Holmes, The Architect of the Roman Empire (vol. I, Oxford, 1928; vol. II, 1931)
covers the reign of Augustus in detail and with full citation of evidence; more recent studies in Caesar
Augustus (Oxford, 1984) ed. F. Millar and E. Segal. For Tiberius, see R. Seager, Tiberius (London,
1972) and B. M. Levick, Tiberius the Politician (London, 1976); for Gaius, J. P. V. D. Balsdon, The
Emperor Gaius (Caligula) (Oxford, 1934); for Claudius, A. Momigliano, Claudius, The Emperor and
His Achievement, tr. W. D. Hogarth (repr. Cambridge, 1961) and V. M. Scramuzza, The Emperor
Claudius (Cambridge, Mass., 1940); for Nero, B. W. Henderson, The Life and Principate of the Emperor
Nero (London, 1903), B. H. Warmington, Nero, Reality and Legend (London, 1969), and Miriam
Griffin Nero: the End of a Dynasty (London, 1984). Finally, K. Wellesley, The Long Year A.D. 69
(London, 1975) takes us through to the accession of Vespasian.
H.M. Pelham, Essays on Roman History (1911), remains excellent reading, especially his chapter on
'The Domestic Policy of Augustus'; so too do chapters x and xi by H. M. Last in vol. XI of The
Cambridge Ancient History. On public and private law, see H. F. Jolowicz and B. Nicholas, Historical
Introduction to the Study of Roman Law (3rd edn. Cambridge, 1972); on emperor-worship, L. R. Taylor,
The Divinity of the Roman Emperor (Middletown, 1931); on the Greek cities, A. H. M.Jones, The Cities
of the Eastern Roman Provinces (Oxford, 1937, revd. 1971) and The Greek City (Oxford, 1940); on the
municipalization of Italy and the spread of citizenship outside Italy, A. N. Sherwin White, The Roman
Citizenship (2nd edn., Oxford, 1973); on economic matters in general, vols, ii-v of Tenney Frank, An
Economic Survey of Ancient Rome (Baltimore, 1933-40).
The modern scholarly literature is enormous in its extent, and archaeology keeps uncovering new
material, including inscriptions. References to such specialized work can be found in most of the books
that have been mentioned. In particular, the detailed bibliographies for each chapter in H. H. Scullard's
latest (paperback) edition of From the Gracchi to Nero (London, 1982) are comprehensive.