especially chs. 4, 5, and 7, is important for both the historians themselves and their place in the
development of historiography.
On Early Historians see E. Badian's chapter in Latin Historians (above) and Momigliano (above); for a
more controversial study of early Roman records B. W. Frier, Libri Annales Pontificum Maximorum.
The Origins of the Annalistic Tradition (Rome, 1979).
Polybius has been studied above all by F. W. Walbank. See his Polybius (California, 1972); also the
introduction to A Historical Commentary on Polybius, vol. i. (Oxford, 1957). For Polybius' views of the
historian's function see K. Sacks, Polybius and the Writing of History (California, 1981).
The best introduction to Sallust is D. C. Earl, The Political Thought of Sallust (Cambridge, 1961;
Amsterdam, 1966). R. Syme, Sallust (Oxford, 1964), is a more detailed and wide-ranging investigation.
Caesar has been treated by F. E. Adcock, Caesar as a Man of Letters (Cambridge, 1956). P. G. Walsh,
Livy (Cambridge, 1961), provides a concise and valuable general study of that author. Also useful is the
introduction in R. M. Ogilvie, A Commentary on Livy I-V (Oxford, 1965).
R. Syme, Tacitus (2 vols., Oxford, 1958), is the major work in English on that historian. R. Martin,
Tacitus (London, 1981), is a simpler work full of good sense. The introduction in H. Furneaux, The
Annals of Tacitus, vol. i (Oxford, 1884), is also useful. B. Walker, The Annals of Tacitus (Cambridge,
1952, i960), seeks to distinguish the factual and non-factual elements in the work. See also the collection
of essays in Tacitus, ed. T. A. Dorey (London, 1969), and K. C. Schellhase, Tacitus in Renaissance
Political Thought (Chicago, 1976).
On biography see A. Wallace-Hadrill, Suetonius (London, 1983); D. A. Russell, Plutarch (London,
1972); C. P.Jones, Plutarch and Rome (Oxford, 1971).
Other developments in imperial history and biography are most easily appreciated from reading Latin
Historians and Latin Biography (above).
- The Arts Of Prose The Early Empire (By Donald Russell)
General
Besides the standard histories of literature etc. the following works are particularly useful for the whole
period: E. Norden, Die antike Kunstprosa (3rd edn. Leipzig, 1915, repr. 1958); A.D. Leeman, Orationis
Ratio (Amsterdam, 1963), on Latin prose; B.P. Reardon, Courants Litteraires grecs des II' et III' siecles
(Pans, 1971); G. Kennedy, The Art of Rhetoric in the Roman World (Princeton, 1972). Two older books
may be added: J. P. Mahaffy, The Silver Age of the Greek World (Chicago-London, 1906); S. Dill,