A History of Modern Europe - From the Renaissance to the Present

792 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World although the differences between Guesdists and reformists could not be swept under th ...

State Social Reform 793 pope’s encyclical as authorization to participate in national political life. Catholic unions tried to c ...

794 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World (Left) The assassination of French President Sadi Carnot by an Italian anarchist, 189 ...

State Social Reform 795 People’s Will assassinated Tsar Alexander II. Other victims included King Umberto I of Italy, who was ki ...

796 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World Italy, Italian anarchists participated in the waves of strikes and insurrections in S ...

State Social Reform 797 in Britain. There the first women’s political organizations were created in the 1860s, and women gained ...

798 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World tion with more than a quarter of a million signatures calling for reform. As more occ ...

Cultural Ferment 799 one of the dominant values of Western culture. The notion of an avant­ garde, a term taken from military ta ...

800 Cn. 20 • Responses to a Changing World Jean-Fran^ois Millet’s The Gleaners (1857). est in portraying artistic subjects with ...

Cultural Ferment 801 Realists continued to ruffle official feathers. The French police hauled the novelist Gustave Flaubert (182 ...

802 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World seemingly casting doubt upon his divinity. More than this, Renan argued that the Scri ...

Cultural Ferment 803 Edouard Manet s Dejeuner sur I'herbe (1863). The rebuilding of Paris opened up new possibilities for the un ...

804 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World His paintings of the town reflect a balance between leisure and industry (seen, for e ...

Cultural Ferment 805 pull them apart? The question itself expressed the cultural crisis of the fin de siecle. In 1887, the Germa ...

806 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World tion” since its population might cease to reproduce itself because of the rav­ ages o ...

Cultural Ferment 807 industrial world suffered “alienation” (anomie in French). Yet he optimisti­ cally believed that social pro ...

808 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World destroyed the individual’s capacity for natural development and fulfillment by imposi ...

Cultural Ferment 809 The Austrian psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud in his study. individuals repress painful memories from childhood ...

810 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World protagonist, turns into “the terror... before whom all must give way or be smitten in ...

Cultural Ferment 81 1 discovered through the exploitation of symbols, particularly through poetry. Thus some continuity existed ...