A History of Modern Europe - From the Renaissance to the Present

466 Ch. 12 • The French Revolution The rights of the accused were limited, and new special courts prosecuted anyone considered d ...

War and the Second Revolution 467 movement remained a threat to the orderly transformation of political life in France. Historia ...

468 Ch. 12 • The French Revolution non-threatening, and virtuous, representing the abstract virtues of liberty, popular sovereig ...

War and the Second Revolution 469 Years’ War or the American Civil War). About 300,000 royalists, Girondins, or other “enemies o ...

470 Ch. 12 • The French Revolution The Terror took on a momentum of its own. Saint-Just warned, “We must punish not merely trait ...

The Final Stages of the Revolution 471 the Committee of Public Safety, survived because he had opposed Robe­ spierre. Moreover, ...

472 Ch. 12 • The French Revolution The return of high society during the Directory. hair cut away from the back of their neck, m ...

The Final Stages of the Revolution 473 of the French army, which, after reaching a million men in the summer of 1794, fell to le ...

474 Ch. 12 • The French Revolution Napoleon Bonaparte, who had swept aside the royalist insurrection, now commanded the Army of ...

The Final Stages of the Revolution 475 Because the role of the army had grown enormously, he concluded that it would emerge as t ...

476 Ch. 12 • The French Revolution Perspectives on the French Revolution The French Revolution, which began in Paris, swept acro ...

Perspectives on the French Revolution 477 tion also contributed to the accentuation of British nationalism in the face of a perc ...

478 Ch. 12 • The French Revolution Moreover, the Revolution did not expedite capitalism but may even have retarded it, by launch ...

CHAPTER 'I 3 NAPOLEON AND EUROPE I he royalist, religious writer Fran^ois-Rene de Chateaubriand once called his enemy Napoleon “ ...

480 Ch. 13 • Napoleon and Europe stages of the Revolution, a generation of talented generals had risen rapidly through the ranks ...

Napoleon's Rise to Power 481 Napoleon and the Revolution With the outbreak of the Revolution, Napoleon returned to Corsica in Se ...

482 Ch. 13 • Napoleon and Europe satellite Cisalpine Republic in northern and central Italy. For the moment, only Great Britain ...

Consolidation of Power 483 bringing Britain to its knees, a series of remarkable victories enabled Napoleon to forge a great emp ...

484 Ch. 13 • Napoleon and Europe some authority tells him, ‘God wishes it so ... in heaven things will be dif­ ferent.” An agree ...

Consolidation of Power 485 a “minister of religion” would sit with the other ministers in Paris. The state would pay clerical sa ...