A History of Modern Europe - From the Renaissance to the Present

786 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World Dinnertime in an English workhouse, which provided relief for unemployed workers expe ...

State Social Reform 787 The Trade Union Movement The trade union movement grew rapidly in Western Europe, above all among male s ...

788 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World Between 1890 and 1914, strikes increased dramatically, particularly in Western Europe ...

State Social Reform 789 congress founded the Second International. At its congresses, socialists discussed strategies for pushin ...

790 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World The emergence of socialists as contenders for political power reflected economic, soc ...

State Social Reform 791 eight-hour workday for workers. Eduard Bernstein (1850-1932), the son of a Berlin plumber who became a r ...

792 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World although the differences between Guesdists and reformists could not be swept under th ...

State Social Reform 793 pope’s encyclical as authorization to participate in national political life. Catholic unions tried to c ...

794 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World (Left) The assassination of French President Sadi Carnot by an Italian anarchist, 189 ...

State Social Reform 795 People’s Will assassinated Tsar Alexander II. Other victims included King Umberto I of Italy, who was ki ...

796 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World Italy, Italian anarchists participated in the waves of strikes and insurrections in S ...

State Social Reform 797 in Britain. There the first women’s political organizations were created in the 1860s, and women gained ...

798 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World tion with more than a quarter of a million signatures calling for reform. As more occ ...

Cultural Ferment 799 one of the dominant values of Western culture. The notion of an avant­ garde, a term taken from military ta ...

800 Cn. 20 • Responses to a Changing World Jean-Fran^ois Millet’s The Gleaners (1857). est in portraying artistic subjects with ...

Cultural Ferment 801 Realists continued to ruffle official feathers. The French police hauled the novelist Gustave Flaubert (182 ...

802 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World seemingly casting doubt upon his divinity. More than this, Renan argued that the Scri ...

Cultural Ferment 803 Edouard Manet s Dejeuner sur I'herbe (1863). The rebuilding of Paris opened up new possibilities for the un ...

804 Ch. 20 • Responses to a Changing World His paintings of the town reflect a balance between leisure and industry (seen, for e ...

Cultural Ferment 805 pull them apart? The question itself expressed the cultural crisis of the fin de siecle. In 1887, the Germa ...