A History of Modern Europe - From the Renaissance to the Present

926 Ch. 22 • The Great War Conclusion The Great War had several causes, with none alone standing as a sufficient cause. To be su ...

REVOLUTIONARY RUSSIA AND THE SOVIET UNION When Nicholas II (1868-1918) was crowned tsar of Russia upon the death of Alexander II ...

928 Ch. 23 • Revolutionary Russia and the Soviet Union provisional government. Russia withdrew from the Great War. The “dicta­ t ...

War and Revolution 929 The war had begun with an upsurge of patriotism and political unity, with the tsar blessing icons and the ...

930 Ch. 23 • Revolutionary Russia and the Soviet Union the population, were producing war materiel, swelling the ranks of metal, ...

War and Revolution 931 Alexandra’s great favorite was Grigory Rasputin (1872-1916), a debauched “holy man.” Claiming occult powe ...

932 Ch. 23 • Revolutionary Russia and the Soviet Union The February Revolution The Russian Revolution that took place in Petrogr ...

War and Revolution 933 Bolshevik soldiers marching at the Kremlin in Moscow, 1917. and empathy with the demands of the workers f ...

934 Ch. 23 • Revolutionary Russia and the Soviet Union commission to try to bring the soldiers roaming through the city under so ...

War and Revolution 935 regime. They believed the tsar’s cause lost and that only his abdication could prevent civil war, and per ...

936 Ch. 23 • Revolutionary Russia and the Soviet Union on the front, soldiers had refused to obey officers and, in a few cases, ...

War and Revolution 937 Alexander Kerensky (front center) head of the provisional government, with troops in Petrograd, 1917. nat ...

938 Ch. 23 • Revolutionary Russia and the Soviet Union Westernizers predominated, passing the measure. The congress announced th ...

War and Revolution 939 reported, “My parishioners will nowadays only go to meetings of the soviet, and when I remind them about ...

940 Ch. 23 • Revolutionary Russia and the Soviet Union On July 3, 1917, the Bolsheviks rose in insurrection. They had been encou ...

The October Revolution 941 Kerensky organized a Moscow State Conference, which he hoped would mobilize support for his second co ...

942 Ch. 23 • Revolutionary Russia and the Soviet Union and some army units. Bolshevik propaganda hammered away at the theme that ...

The October Revolution 943 Life went on in many districts of the city as if nothing unusual was occur­ ring. Restaurants, casino ...

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Civil War 945 Cheka, began to arrest those who disagreed with the Bolsheviks. It rapidly proliferated into a large organization ...