A History of Modern Europe - From the Renaissance to the Present

32 Ch. 1 • Medieval Legacies and Transforming Discoveries Gunpowder, Warfare, and Armies Warfare became more pervasive in the ea ...

Transforming Discoveries 33 Mercenaries, the original “free lances,” increasingly replaced feudal levies (and urban militias, wh ...

34 Ch. 1 • Medieval Legacies and Transforming Discoveries patron of Renaissance art, hired 200 scribes to copy 200 volumes in tw ...

Transforming Discoveries 35 and editors. Moreover, with the greater dissemination of knowledge came an increase in the number of ...

36 Ch. 1 • Medieval Legacies and Transforming Discoveries language if they knew where some could be found. Columbus was impresse ...

Transforming Discoveries 37 already existed between China, Japan, Southeast Asia, India, the Persian Gulf, and East Africa. The ...

...

Transforming Discoveries^39 Aztec emissaries agreeing to a treaty with Cortes, who is seated with his interpreter standing to hi ...

40 Ch. 1 • Medieval Legacies and Transforming Discoveries two-thirds of the European population perished. However, many times mo ...

Transforming Discoveries 41 ientOy which required that Indians accept both Spanish rule and Christian­ ity. The conquistadors bu ...

42 Ch. 1 • Medieval Legacies and Transforming Discoveries he wanted placed under the authority of the Church. Charles V ordered ...

Conclusion 43 France, England, and Spain had consolidated their authority, and sover­ eign monarchical states began to emerge. A ...

THE RENAISSANCE In 1508, Pope Julius 11 summoned Michelangelo from Flo­ rence to the papal city of Rome. He commissioned the art ...

The City-States of the Italian Peninsula 45 longer able to support artistic glories, and the Renaissance ended in a mood of disc ...

46 Ch. 2 • The Renaissance Thriving Economies The economic prosperity and social dynamism of the city-states made the cultural a ...

The City-States of the Italian Peninsula 47 This miniature depicts the Piazzetta of the Republic of Venice, with all the activit ...

...

The City-States of the Italian Peninsula 49 dominate the oligarchies that ruled the city-states. Prosperity increased the strong ...

50 Ch. 2 • The Renaissance Renaissance Political Life The originality of the Italian city-states during the Renaissance lay not ...

The City-States of the Italian Peninsula 51 Map 2.2 City-States in Renaissance Italy, 1494 The city-state was the fundamental po ...